A　systematic　investigation　of　the　fabrication　process,　microstructure　and　treatment　technology　of　the　Rare　earth　oxide　doped　Mo　cermet　(REO-Mo　in　brief)　on　the　secondary　electron　emission　(SEE)　mainly　has　been　performed.　The　REO-Mo　samples　were　fabricated　by　liquid-liquid,　Liquid-Solid　and　Liquid-Liquid　doping　method　and　subsequently　by　the　Spark　Plasma　Sintering　(SPS)　techniques.　It　was　found　that　the　uniform　mixing　of　REO　with　Mo　would　have　considerable　benefit　for　enhancement　of　SEE　coefficient　(δ).　Annealing　the　cathode　in　hydrogen　(called　as　the　pre-activation　treatment)　could　greatly　improve　the　SEE　performance　by　removing　the　absorbed　water　and　oxygen　at　the　cathode　surface　which　might　cause　the　oxidation　of　molybdenum　during　cathode　high　temperature　operation.　It　is　found　that　the　activation　temperature　of　REO-Mo　cathode　annealed　in　hydrogen　could　decrease　to　1000°C,　about　300°C　lower　than　that　of　the　cathode　without　pre-activation　treatment,　which　is　favorable　for　the　practical　application.　©　(2009)　Trans　Tech　Publications.