The　theory　and　algorithm　of　the　homogeneous　transformation　matrix　(HTM)　method　are　applied　in　establishing　the　kinematic　error　model　of　five-axis　machining　tool　with　two-axis　turntable.　Based　on　this　model,　a　new　method　for　the　kinematic　error　separation　in　five-axis　numerical　control　(NC)　machining　tool　is　proposed.　In　this　study,　three　types　of　simultaneous　three-axis　control　motions　are　designed　for　each　rotary　axis　to　identify　the　deviations.　In　the　measurement,　two　translational　axes　and　one　rotary　axis　are　simultaneously　controlled　to　keep　a　constant　distance　between　the　tool　and　the　worktable.　Telescoping　double　ball　bar　is　used　to　measure　the　relative　distance　between　the　spindle　and　the　worktable　in　the　motion　of　NC　machining　tool.　Finally,　the　value　measured　by　telescoping　double　ball　bar　is　substituted　into　the　model　to　obtain　kinematic　error　of　NC　machining　tool.　Comparison　has　confirmed　that　the　proposed　method　is　high　precision　and　can　be　applied　to　effectively　and　conveniently　measure　the　five-axis　machining　tool.　©　2010　Higher　Education　Press　and　Springer-Verlag　Berlin　Heidelberg.