Luminex　assay　belongs　to　a　high　throughput　biochip　detecting　platform,　which　is　based　on　the　combination　of　fluorescence-coded　microspheres,　laser　test,　flow　cytometry　and　data　analysis　system.　This　technique　enables　simultaneous　detection　of　as　many　as　100,　even　500　kinds　of　different　target　molecules,　including　proteins,　peptides,　DNA　and　RNA.　It　is　well　accepted　for　the　advantages,　such　as　good　reproducibility,　high　sensitivity,　strong　specificity　and　easy　operation.　The　aim　of　the　review　is　to　summarize　the　mechanism　of　Luminex　assay,　system　composition,　various　biological　applications　and　comparison　with　other　protein　and　nucleic　acid　testing　techniques.　Luminex　assay　will　have　broad　prospects　in　the　research　of　pure　science　and　clinical　trials.　©　2015,　Beijing　University　of　Technology.　All　right　reserved.