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学者姓名：龚秋明
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Abstract ：
The rock mass class identification of the tunnel face is a key problem for TBM operating parameters optimization and subsequent tunnel support measures selection. This study presents a rock mass class identification method by monitoring and classifying TBM cutterhead vibration signals. Firstly, vibration signals were collected by a set of cutterhead vibration monitoring system installed on the TBM cutterhead during TBM tunnelling. The corresponding rock mass classification were conducted along the excavated tunnel field investigation. Secondly, time statistics and waveform, power spectrum frequency, nonlinear and time-frequency domain were extracted from the TBM cutterhead vibration signal. 18 features were selected by Boruta-SHAP feature selection method as important feature set. Based on the result analysis of different machine learning models, the XGBoost model was the best model used to identify the rock mass class. Its accuracy was up to 98.79 % on the test set. Finally, the feature sensitivity analysis by SHAP interpretation showed that energy entropy, Imf6e and kurtosis were the most sensitive features for different rock mass classes.
Keyword ：
Feature sensitivity analysis Feature sensitivity analysis Cutterhead vibration Cutterhead vibration Machine learning Machine learning Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) Rock mass class identification Rock mass class identification
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| GB/T 7714 | Tang, Qisheng , Gong, Qiuming , Liu, Yangyang et al. Tunnel face rock mass class identification based on multi-domain feature extraction and selection of TBM cutterhead vibration signals [J]. | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROCK MECHANICS AND MINING SCIENCES , 2025 , 188 . |
| MLA | Tang, Qisheng et al. "Tunnel face rock mass class identification based on multi-domain feature extraction and selection of TBM cutterhead vibration signals" . | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROCK MECHANICS AND MINING SCIENCES 188 (2025) . |
| APA | Tang, Qisheng , Gong, Qiuming , Liu, Yangyang , Guli, Mila , Bieke, Alemasi , Liu, Shaoqiang . Tunnel face rock mass class identification based on multi-domain feature extraction and selection of TBM cutterhead vibration signals . | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROCK MECHANICS AND MINING SCIENCES , 2025 , 188 . |
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Abstract ：
Cutterhead torque is a key operational parameter for earth pressure balance (EPB) TBM tunneling in soil strata. The effective management of cutterhead torque can significantly maintain face stability and ensure the tunneling machine operates steadily. The Shenzhen Metro Line 12 project at Shasan Station utilized the world's largest rectangular pipe jacking machine for constructing the subway station. This project has enabled the collection of relevant data to analyze the factors influencing cutterhead torque and to establish a predictive model. The data encompass an abundant array of cutterhead design parameters, operational parameters, properties of the excavated soil, and environmental factors, revealing the distribution characteristics of cutterhead torque during tunneling. The correlation between various factors and cutterhead torque has been examined. By employing multiple regression analysis and a Levenberg-Marquardt (L-M) algorithm-based neural network, an optimal prediction model for EPB cutterhead torque has been developed. This prediction model incorporates various factors, including cutterhead diameter, RPM, soil chamber pressure, soil shear strength, and the soil consistency index. And the degree of influence of each factor on the cutter torque was also revealed. The prediction results demonstrated good accuracy compared to previous models, providing valuable insights and guidance for EPB TBMs or pipe jacking machines operating in soil strata. The current limitations of this model and suggestions for future work have also been addressed.
Keyword ：
prediction model prediction model correlation analysis correlation analysis pipe jacking machine pipe jacking machine cutterhead torque cutterhead torque EPB TBM EPB TBM neural network neural network
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| GB/T 7714 | Lu, Jianwei , Sun, Bo , Gong, Qiuming et al. A New Prediction Model of Cutterhead Torque in Soil Strata Based on Ultra-Large Section EPB Pipe Jacking Machine [J]. | INFRASTRUCTURES , 2024 , 9 (12) . |
| MLA | Lu, Jianwei et al. "A New Prediction Model of Cutterhead Torque in Soil Strata Based on Ultra-Large Section EPB Pipe Jacking Machine" . | INFRASTRUCTURES 9 . 12 (2024) . |
| APA | Lu, Jianwei , Sun, Bo , Gong, Qiuming , Song, Tiantian , Li, Wei , Zhou, Wenpeng et al. A New Prediction Model of Cutterhead Torque in Soil Strata Based on Ultra-Large Section EPB Pipe Jacking Machine . | INFRASTRUCTURES , 2024 , 9 (12) . |
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Abstract ：
Image analysis of rock chips is an important approach for TBM intelligent tunneling, and it can be used for real-time evaluation of rock-breaking efficiency and optimization of tunneling parameters. In order to investigate the relationships between TBM tunneling parameters and rock chip characteristics, a multi-step field tunneling test was carried out in an intact granite formation at a TBM construction section of Qingdao Metro Line 6. A rock chip image acquisition system was installed on the TBM to real-time collect rock chip images. Then, the relationship between the tunneling parameters and the size and shape characteristics of rock chips obtained through image processing was analyzed. The results showed that the median particle size d50, maximum particle size dmax and roughness index CI all present a positive correlation with thrust, torque and penetration, while a good negative correlation with FPI and SE. When the thrust exceeds a critical value for rock-breaking, the increase in thrust will significantly increase d50 and CI, while dmax increases significantly only when the thrust exceeds a larger value. Besides, as the thrust increases, the shape of the large rock chips gradually becomes flattened and the aspect ratio increases. However, after the thrust reaches a certain level, the aspect ratio will remain stable. The results can provide a basis for real-time optimization of TBM tunneling parameters based on rock chip information.
Keyword ：
field tunneling test field tunneling test tunneling parameters tunneling parameters tunnel boring machine (TBM) tunnel boring machine (TBM) rock chip rock chip tunneling performance tunneling performance
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| GB/T 7714 | Zhou Xiao-xiong , Xiao Yu-hang , Gong Qiu-ming et al. Relationships between tunneling parameters of TBM and rock chip characteristics based on image analysis [J]. | ROCK AND SOIL MECHANICS , 2024 , 45 (4) : 1142-1153 . |
| MLA | Zhou Xiao-xiong et al. "Relationships between tunneling parameters of TBM and rock chip characteristics based on image analysis" . | ROCK AND SOIL MECHANICS 45 . 4 (2024) : 1142-1153 . |
| APA | Zhou Xiao-xiong , Xiao Yu-hang , Gong Qiu-ming , Liu Xiao-li , Liu Jun-hao , Liu Dong-xin . Relationships between tunneling parameters of TBM and rock chip characteristics based on image analysis . | ROCK AND SOIL MECHANICS , 2024 , 45 (4) , 1142-1153 . |
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Abstract ：
The HuaiFu tunnel section of Shenzhen Metro Line 12 is located in Baoan District, Shenzhen, with a total length of approximately 1750 m. The excavated grounds are extremely complicated, with soft soil ground, mixed ground, fault zones, and hard rock ground with a length of over 1200 m. A dual-mode shield TBM with EPB and single-shield modes was employed in the tunnel section. To evaluate the tunnelling performance of the dual-mode shield TBM, two sets of monitoring systems were applied to acquire the cutterhead working performance during the dual-mode shield TBM tunnelling, and the tunnelling difference between the dual-mode shield TBM and composite EPB shield in hard rock ground were analysed. As for the cutterhead working performance, relative sliding occurred between the cutter and tunnel face, and the cutter wear curve increased linearly in any ground and excavation modes. Under different grounds and excavation modes, the cutterhead temperature thresholds were different, and the time-domain and frequency-domain of the cutterhead vibration were different. As for the tunnelling difference, the single-shield mode offered a higher penetration rate, fewer cutter replacements, lower energy consumption and faster advance rate than the EPB mode. The advance rate of EPB mode was higher than that of the composite EPB shield due to the faster cutterhead rotation speed. The results can provide guidance for excavation mode selection of the dual-mode shield TBM and type selection of TBM for similar grounds.
Keyword ：
Monitoring system Monitoring system Cutterhead working performance Cutterhead working performance Composite EPB shield Composite EPB shield Excavation mode Excavation mode Tunnelling performance Tunnelling performance Dual-mode shield TBM Dual-mode shield TBM
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| GB/T 7714 | Wu, Fan , Gong, Qiuming , Li, Zhigang et al. Study on Tunnelling Performance of Dual-Mode Shield TBM by Cutterhead Working Performance and Tunnelling Difference Comparison: A Case in Shenzhen Metro Line 12 [J]. | ROCK MECHANICS AND ROCK ENGINEERING , 2023 , 56 (7) : 5315-5333 . |
| MLA | Wu, Fan et al. "Study on Tunnelling Performance of Dual-Mode Shield TBM by Cutterhead Working Performance and Tunnelling Difference Comparison: A Case in Shenzhen Metro Line 12" . | ROCK MECHANICS AND ROCK ENGINEERING 56 . 7 (2023) : 5315-5333 . |
| APA | Wu, Fan , Gong, Qiuming , Li, Zhigang , Huang, Liu , Sun, Qianwei , Liu, Qiuyu . Study on Tunnelling Performance of Dual-Mode Shield TBM by Cutterhead Working Performance and Tunnelling Difference Comparison: A Case in Shenzhen Metro Line 12 . | ROCK MECHANICS AND ROCK ENGINEERING , 2023 , 56 (7) , 5315-5333 . |
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Abstract ：
Button cutters are commonly used in hard rock drilling because the inserted carbide buttons provide exceptional wear resistance, impact resistance, and high strength in challenging geological formations. One of the most pressing issues in designing a button cutter is to study the rock breaking mechanisms of carbide buttons. In this study, the three-dimensional discrete element method (DEM) was employed to investigate the rock breaking mechanism and cutting performance of five widely used carbide buttons, i.e., spherical, saddle, wedge, conical, and parabolic buttons. The simulation results were compared with laboratory tests to reveal the rock indentation process. The crack propagation pattern, energy dissipation, and damage evolution associated with the force-penetration depth curve were investigated. Tensile damage was the primary determinant for crack propagation and coalescence. By systematically exploring the penetration index, specific energy, and crack propagation characteristics, the conical button had a high rock breaking efficiency when the penetration depth was low, and the saddle button had a high rock breaking efficiency when the penetration depth was high. The findings can provide references for the design of a button cutter.
Keyword ：
carbide button carbide button numerical simulation numerical simulation crack propagation crack propagation breaking mechanism breaking mechanism damaged zone damaged zone
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| GB/T 7714 | Ma, Yanan , Gong, Qiuming , Zhou, Xiaoxiong et al. The Modelling of Rock Fragmentation Mechanisms by Carbide Buttons Using the 3D Discrete Element Method [J]. | APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL , 2023 , 13 (10) . |
| MLA | Ma, Yanan et al. "The Modelling of Rock Fragmentation Mechanisms by Carbide Buttons Using the 3D Discrete Element Method" . | APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 13 . 10 (2023) . |
| APA | Ma, Yanan , Gong, Qiuming , Zhou, Xiaoxiong , Yin, Lijun , Ma, Hongsu . The Modelling of Rock Fragmentation Mechanisms by Carbide Buttons Using the 3D Discrete Element Method . | APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL , 2023 , 13 (10) . |
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Abstract ：
The brittle failure induced by high in-site stress occurring at the tunnel face significantly affect the TBM performance. To study the rock mass failure mechanism under the combined effect of high stress and TBM cutters, three groups of true-triaxial rockburst tests were conducted, simulating the failure processes using the loading scheme "one-single face free and the remaining five surfaces loaded". Conditioned granite specimens previously cut by the TBM cutter were prepared, and the different stressed conditions were determined based on the in-situ stress field of the Yinhan water conveyance tunnel. As the confining stress increased, the peak strength of the rock specimen also increased, and the final rupture was more violent, leading to a rockburst. The failure process recorded by the high-speed camera and the failure pattern showed a clear change. The rock conditioned by the TBM cutter was more susceptible to brittle failure under high stress, and the failure depth was greater. The stressstrain curves in the & sigma;1 direction and the AE characteristics indicated that as the loading stress increased, the damage in the rock changed from a dominant tensile failure to a dominant shear failure, gradually extending to deeper areas of the rock. This alteration changed the rock mass mechanical behavior of the tunnel face, i.e., its stability and boreability, consequently influencing the rock breakage process by TBM cutters. As the severity of failure increased, the TBM performance shifted from a low efficiency rock-breaking performance limited by the cutter thrust to a high efficiency rock-breaking performance limited by the muck capacity and safety control.
Keyword ：
Tunnel face Tunnel face TBM performance TBM performance High in-situ stress High in-situ stress True-triaxial rockburst test True-triaxial rockburst test Rockburst Rockburst
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| GB/T 7714 | Lu, Jianwei , Gong, Qiuming , Yin, Lijun et al. True-triaxial experimental study on the brittle failure of granite conditioned by the TBM disc cutter [J]. | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROCK MECHANICS AND MINING SCIENCES , 2023 , 170 . |
| MLA | Lu, Jianwei et al. "True-triaxial experimental study on the brittle failure of granite conditioned by the TBM disc cutter" . | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROCK MECHANICS AND MINING SCIENCES 170 (2023) . |
| APA | Lu, Jianwei , Gong, Qiuming , Yin, Lijun , Thuro, Kurosch , Su, Guoshao . True-triaxial experimental study on the brittle failure of granite conditioned by the TBM disc cutter . | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROCK MECHANICS AND MINING SCIENCES , 2023 , 170 . |
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Abstract ：
HighlightsThe indentation tests with different types of carbide buttons were conducted.The indentation process and crack pattern under the indenter were analyzed.The conical and saddle buttons are better by exploring the PI, SE, and crack pattern.
Keyword ：
Button cutter Button cutter Rock-breaking efficiency Rock-breaking efficiency Fluorescent crack visualization method Fluorescent crack visualization method Indentation test Indentation test Carbide button Carbide button
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| GB/T 7714 | Ma, Yanan , Gong, Qiuming , Yin, Lijun et al. Preliminary Study on the Carbide Button Selection of a Button Cutter for Beishan Granite Using Indentation Tests [J]. | ROCK MECHANICS AND ROCK ENGINEERING , 2023 , 56 (10) : 7721-7735 . |
| MLA | Ma, Yanan et al. "Preliminary Study on the Carbide Button Selection of a Button Cutter for Beishan Granite Using Indentation Tests" . | ROCK MECHANICS AND ROCK ENGINEERING 56 . 10 (2023) : 7721-7735 . |
| APA | Ma, Yanan , Gong, Qiuming , Yin, Lijun , Ma, Hongsu , Kang, Le . Preliminary Study on the Carbide Button Selection of a Button Cutter for Beishan Granite Using Indentation Tests . | ROCK MECHANICS AND ROCK ENGINEERING , 2023 , 56 (10) , 7721-7735 . |
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Abstract ：
In most cases, TBM tunnels are constructed in jointed rock masses. Rock chip properties can be used to interpret the response of the rock mass to the TBM tunnelling. Engineering-scale simulations can help us to explain the relationship between rock chip properties and rock mass conditions. In this study, a GPU-based DICE2D programme is presented to meet the computation requirements of the engineering-scale simulation. The smooth joint model (SJM) was also incorporated into DICE2D via an improved joint side checking approach. Using the SJM-embedded DICE2D, a multiple-cutter penetration model was set up. The combined influence of joint spacing and angle on the rock breaking process and rock chip properties were analysed. Further, a rock chip extraction algorithm was proposed to quantify the shape and size distribution. The results showed that in the rock masses with the close joint spacing, the smaller the alpha angle, the blockier the rock chips were. As the joint spacing increase, the rock chips become flat. Both the joint spacing and alpha angle affected the size distribution. The overall size of rock chips decreased with the increasing joint spacing, and first increased with the increasing alpha angle and then decreased when the alpha angle was over 60 degrees. The very closely jointed rock mass at the alpha angle of 90 degrees was an exception because rock slabs would be produced. In addition, in the jointed rock mass with the joint spacing less than 250 mm and 60 degrees-75 degrees alpha angle, or in the highly jointed rock masses with 90 degrees alpha angle, significant differences between the forces acting on the different cutters were revealed.
Keyword ：
Rock breaking mechanism Rock breaking mechanism Jointed rock mass Jointed rock mass Tunnel boring machine Tunnel boring machine DICE2D DICE2D Rock chip Rock chip
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| GB/T 7714 | Zhou, Xiaoxiong , Gong, Qiuming , Liu, Xiaoli et al. Rock Chip Properties of TBM Penetration in Jointed Rock Masses Based on an Improved DICE2D Simulation [J]. | ROCK MECHANICS AND ROCK ENGINEERING , 2022 , 55 (12) : 7547-7568 . |
| MLA | Zhou, Xiaoxiong et al. "Rock Chip Properties of TBM Penetration in Jointed Rock Masses Based on an Improved DICE2D Simulation" . | ROCK MECHANICS AND ROCK ENGINEERING 55 . 12 (2022) : 7547-7568 . |
| APA | Zhou, Xiaoxiong , Gong, Qiuming , Liu, Xiaoli , Xu, Hongyi , Yin, Lijun . Rock Chip Properties of TBM Penetration in Jointed Rock Masses Based on an Improved DICE2D Simulation . | ROCK MECHANICS AND ROCK ENGINEERING , 2022 , 55 (12) , 7547-7568 . |
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Abstract ：
本申请提出了一种试验针磨损测量装置及岩石磨蚀性指数试验系统，该试验针磨损测量装置包括夹持单元、视觉采集单元和驱动单元，夹持单元用于夹持试验针沿第一方向设置，试验针包括相连接的主体部和针尖部；驱动单元用于驱动夹持单元转动，以使夹持单元带动试验针转动；视觉采集单元与夹持单元沿第二方向相对设置，视觉采集单元用于拍摄外露于夹持单元的针尖部，并识别得到针尖部的磨损参数。本申请提出的试验针磨损测量装置测量速度快、精确度高。
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| GB/T 7714 | 龚秋明 , 张然 , 殷丽君 et al. 试验针磨损测量装置及岩石磨蚀性指数试验系统 : CN202210103468.8[P]. | 2022-01-27 . |
| MLA | 龚秋明 et al. "试验针磨损测量装置及岩石磨蚀性指数试验系统" : CN202210103468.8. | 2022-01-27 . |
| APA | 龚秋明 , 张然 , 殷丽君 , 陈东坡 , 张同钢 , 刘永强 et al. 试验针磨损测量装置及岩石磨蚀性指数试验系统 : CN202210103468.8. | 2022-01-27 . |
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Abstract ：
Intelligent tunnelling has become an important direction for the development of TBM technology recently. As a result of the interaction between rock mass and TBM cutterhead, mucks are very important for predicting rock mass conditions and evaluating rock breaking efficiency. A real-time muck analysis system for assistant intelligence TBM tunnelling is proposed in this paper. Machine vision was applied to take the muck images continuously in the high-speed conveyor belt. The image segmentation and feature extraction of the mucks are conducted by using a deep learning algorithm. The proposed system also measured the mass and volume flow of the muck by installing a belt scale and a scanner to monitor the stability of the rock mass on the tunnel face. After the system was completed, it was installed on an indoor simulation experimental platform. A series of experiments were conducted to verify the design functions and measurement accuracy. Additionally, the system was applied to a TBM tunnelling project. The application results showed that the proposed system reached its design requirements and functions, and can provide muck data support for further assistant intelligent TBM tunnelling. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd
Keyword ：
Belt conveyors Belt conveyors Deep learning Deep learning Rocks Rocks Image segmentation Image segmentation Rock mechanics Rock mechanics Learning algorithms Learning algorithms
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| GB/T 7714 | Gong, Qiuming , Zhou, Xiaoxiong , Liu, Yongqiang et al. Development of a real-time muck analysis system for assistant intelligence TBM tunnelling [J]. | Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology , 2021 , 107 . |
| MLA | Gong, Qiuming et al. "Development of a real-time muck analysis system for assistant intelligence TBM tunnelling" . | Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 107 (2021) . |
| APA | Gong, Qiuming , Zhou, Xiaoxiong , Liu, Yongqiang , Han, Bei , Yin, Lijun . Development of a real-time muck analysis system for assistant intelligence TBM tunnelling . | Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology , 2021 , 107 . |
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