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学者姓名：邱灿星
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Abstract ：
In seismic prone regions, many old bridges deserve retrofitting measures to improve their seismic resilience. The recently proposed buckling-restrained shape memory alloy (SMA) dampers, which can maintain axial resistance under low temperatures, are potential candidates for outdoor applications. However, the corresponding design method and retrofitting efficacy remain unknown. Besides, the effects arising from temperature variations and device uncertainty have not been addressed. To this end, this work proposes a performance-based retrofitting method and conducts a probabilistic evaluation for bridges retrofitted with buckling-restrained SMA dampers. The temperature-specific behavior of the damper is first described, and then a triple-column bent bridge located in Salt Lake City is selected for demonstration purposes. To unveil the seismic retrofitting efficacy, nonlinear time history analysis and fragility analysis are performed. The considered uncertainties include temperature variation, device uncertainty, and seismic intensity. The results indicate that the bridges retrofitted by the designed damper could achieve prescribed performance targets. In addition, with the variations of temperature and device, the seismic response demands are relatively stable. The damage probabilities and seismic risk are reduced by the installed dampers. Hence, the buckling-restrained SMA dampers have a reliable seismic control efficacy for bridges.
Keyword ：
Seismic retrofit Seismic retrofit Shape memory alloy Shape memory alloy Bridges Bridges Temperature effect Temperature effect Multivariate fragility Multivariate fragility
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| GB/T 7714 | Jiang, Tianyuan , Qiu, Canxing , Liu, Jiawang et al. Seismic Design and Performance Evaluation of a Triple-Column Bent Bridge Retrofitted with Buckling-Restrained Shape Memory Alloy Dampers [J]. | JOURNAL OF BRIDGE ENGINEERING , 2025 , 30 (5) . |
| MLA | Jiang, Tianyuan et al. "Seismic Design and Performance Evaluation of a Triple-Column Bent Bridge Retrofitted with Buckling-Restrained Shape Memory Alloy Dampers" . | JOURNAL OF BRIDGE ENGINEERING 30 . 5 (2025) . |
| APA | Jiang, Tianyuan , Qiu, Canxing , Liu, Jiawang , Du, Xiuli , Liu, Hang . Seismic Design and Performance Evaluation of a Triple-Column Bent Bridge Retrofitted with Buckling-Restrained Shape Memory Alloy Dampers . | JOURNAL OF BRIDGE ENGINEERING , 2025 , 30 (5) . |
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Abstract ：
Due to the relatively low damping and sharp stiffness change, friction-based self-centering dampers are less effective in controlling peak interstory drift (PID) and peak floor acceleration (PFA). To address these concerns, at least partially, this paper leverages the two activation plateaus and proposes two types of double-stage friction-based self-centering dampers. The double-stage behavior provides enhanced stiffness and energy dissipation in the second stage. As the kernel elements, the grooved friction plates or disc spring stacks are elaborately designed to realize two activation points. The configurations and working mechanisms of the dampers are described first, followed by the derivations of their analytical equations governing the force-displacement relationships. Proof-of-concept tests are conducted on two reduced-scale specimens to experimentally examine their hysteretic behaviors. The experimental observations and data meet expectations and validate the analytical equations. At the system level, a steel-braced frame is selected as the example structure for demonstrating the seismic control characteristics of the double-stage friction-based self-centering dampers, through comprehensive comparisons against the companion single-stage self-centering dampers, under earthquakes associated with three seismic hazard levels. The comparison results indicate that the double-stage friction-based self-centering dampers have superior PFA control effect under all hazard levels and better PID control effect under the maximum considered earthquake hazard level.
Keyword ：
Double-stage Double-stage Peak floor acceleration Peak floor acceleration Seismic response Seismic response Experimental test Experimental test Self-centering Self-centering
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| GB/T 7714 | Liu, Jiawang , Qiu, Canxing , Du, Xiuli et al. Double-Stage Friction-Based Self-Centering Dampers: Proof-of-Concept Tests and Seismic Control Analysis [J]. | JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING , 2025 , 151 (5) . |
| MLA | Liu, Jiawang et al. "Double-Stage Friction-Based Self-Centering Dampers: Proof-of-Concept Tests and Seismic Control Analysis" . | JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING 151 . 5 (2025) . |
| APA | Liu, Jiawang , Qiu, Canxing , Du, Xiuli , Liu, Hang . Double-Stage Friction-Based Self-Centering Dampers: Proof-of-Concept Tests and Seismic Control Analysis . | JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING , 2025 , 151 (5) . |
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Abstract ：
Owing to superelastic behavior, shape memory alloy (SMA) has been widely utilized to develop self-centering damping devices. Recently, the authors developed a novel SMA damper, i.e. the SMA slip friction (SMASF) damper. The cyclic behavior of the SMASF damper not only depends on the hysteresis shape factors of SMA bars, but also on the coefficient of kinetic friction and the slope of the friction plates. Hence, the basic working mechanism of the SMASF damper is different from that of conventional SMA dampers. In the early work, the features of the SMASF damper have been revealed by static cyclic loading tests. However, the seismic displacement responses of this novel damper remain unknown. To this end, this paper initiates with a brief introduction of the damper, including the configuration, working mechanism, and testing results. And then, extensive seismic analyses based on single-degree-of-freedom systems were conducted. Based on the constant-strength ductility demand spectra, the displacement responses of the SMASF damper were understood through the comparisons with conventional SMA damper and friction damper. A wide range of fundamental periods, strength capacities and seismic intensity levels were considered. Further, parametric analysis was conducted to assess the effect of the hysteresis shape factors of SMA bars and the coefficient of kinetic friction and the slope of the friction plates. This study also sheds light on the force-based seismic design method for this damper.
Keyword ：
displacement displacement single-degree-of-freedom single-degree-of-freedom numerical analysis numerical analysis shape memory alloy shape memory alloy
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| GB/T 7714 | Qiu, Canxing , Bai, Muyuan , Jiang, Tianyuan . Seismic displacement response of SDOF systems with SMA slip friction dampers [J]. | SMART MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES , 2024 , 33 (1) . |
| MLA | Qiu, Canxing et al. "Seismic displacement response of SDOF systems with SMA slip friction dampers" . | SMART MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES 33 . 1 (2024) . |
| APA | Qiu, Canxing , Bai, Muyuan , Jiang, Tianyuan . Seismic displacement response of SDOF systems with SMA slip friction dampers . | SMART MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES , 2024 , 33 (1) . |
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Abstract ：
Owing to high fatigue life, the iron-based shape memory alloy (FeSMA) buckling-restrained braces (BRBs) are emerging as a promising candidate against long-duration earthquakes. However, the corresponding analysis cannot be found. Current emphasis is paid on unveiling the seismic response differences between concentrically braced frames (CBFs) with FeSMA and steel BRBs when they are attacked by long-duration earthquakes. To directly assess the effect of earthquake duration, this paper selects a total of 90 pairs of short- and long-duration earthquake records, which are record-to-record spectrally equivalent over a wide range of fundamental periods, for nonlinear time history analysis. A benchmark six-story CBF is selected for demonstration purposes. In the numerical simulation process, the fatigue-induced damage is particularly considered. A preliminary examination is first conducted in the case study, in which a representative pair of short- and long-duration records is selected. In what followed, the statistical results from the ground motion suites are analyzed. This work not only highlights the higher failure risk of steel BRBs than FeSMA BRBs under long-duration earthquakes associated with maximum considered earthquake hazard level, but also confirms the advantages of FeSMA BRBs over steel BRBs in controlling residual deformations.
Keyword ：
iron-based shape memory alloy iron-based shape memory alloy Earthquake duration Earthquake duration fatigue fatigue buckling-restrained brace buckling-restrained brace concentrically braced frame concentrically braced frame
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| GB/T 7714 | Qiu, Canxing , Zhang, Aifang , Du, Xiuli . Comparative Analysis of Concentrically Braced Frames with FeSMA and Steel BRBs Under Long-Duration Earthquakes [J]. | JOURNAL OF EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING , 2024 , 28 (13) : 3860-3884 . |
| MLA | Qiu, Canxing et al. "Comparative Analysis of Concentrically Braced Frames with FeSMA and Steel BRBs Under Long-Duration Earthquakes" . | JOURNAL OF EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING 28 . 13 (2024) : 3860-3884 . |
| APA | Qiu, Canxing , Zhang, Aifang , Du, Xiuli . Comparative Analysis of Concentrically Braced Frames with FeSMA and Steel BRBs Under Long-Duration Earthquakes . | JOURNAL OF EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING , 2024 , 28 (13) , 3860-3884 . |
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Abstract ：
Shape-memory alloy (SMA) knee-braced frames (KBFs) are a type of seismically resilient frame buildings. Knee braces (KBs) in this system are the SMA buckling-restrained braces, which provide both self-centering and energy-dissipating capacity. SMAs are known for their noticeable thermal-mechanical property, but there remains a lack of understanding regarding the temperature effect on the seismic responses of SMA KBFs. Hence, this study aims to address this issue at both component and system levels. Cyclic loading tests were conducted on reduced-scale SMA KB specimens under five distinct ambient temperatures ranging from -20 degrees C to 20 degrees C. The experimental data were then used to quantify the relationship between the hysteretic parameters of interest and the ambient temperature. At the system level, a multistory steel frame located in Tangshan City, China, was selected as the example structure. The probability density function was built to describe the temperature variation of the selected region, and the parameters of the function were determined using the maximum likelihood estimation method. The probabilistic analytical framework that considered the temperature effect was described. Then, this work conducted seismic design at the reference temperature (20 degrees C). In what followed, within varying temperature conditions, nonlinear time-history analysis and multistripe analysis were conducted. The seismic response indexes under discrete temperature levels were compared. Finally, the temperature effect was understood by generating the joint fragility curves under various levels of temperature and seismic intensity. The findings indicated that the temperature effect on SMA KBs was noticeable. However, the temperature effect on SMA KBFs was minor, even though the extent of temperature variation was up to 60 degrees C.
Keyword ：
Seismic fragility Seismic fragility Temperature effect Temperature effect Knee-braced frame (KBF) Knee-braced frame (KBF) Shape-memory alloy Shape-memory alloy
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| GB/T 7714 | Jiang, Tianyuan , Qiu, Canxing , Liu, Jiawang . Temperature Effect on Seismic Responses of SMA Knee-Braced Frames [J]. | JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING , 2024 , 150 (10) . |
| MLA | Jiang, Tianyuan et al. "Temperature Effect on Seismic Responses of SMA Knee-Braced Frames" . | JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING 150 . 10 (2024) . |
| APA | Jiang, Tianyuan , Qiu, Canxing , Liu, Jiawang . Temperature Effect on Seismic Responses of SMA Knee-Braced Frames . | JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING , 2024 , 150 (10) . |
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Abstract ：
Partially self-centering structures are promising seismic resilient structural systems by reducing residual interstory drifts with low initial construction costs. Comprehensive studies focused on structural design and performance evaluation, but no research was conducted to investigate the design of nonstructural components in partially self-centering structures. This research focuses on developing the probabilistic spectral acceleration demands for the nonstructural design in partial self-centering structures. 320 near-fault recorded ground motions were adopted for considering the uncertainties of seismic excitations. The spectral accelerations of the light nonstructural component were obtained through comprehensive dynamic analyses. The logarithmic normal distribution can be used for describing the probabilistic distribution of floor spectra for partially self-centering structures under earthquakes, validating through the Anderson-Darling test. The influences of design parameters (including structural period, hysteretic parameters, structural damping, the ratio of the structural period to the nonstructural period, and nonstructural damping) on the probabilistic distribution of floor spectra were investigated through parametric dynamic analysis results. Artificial neural network (ANN) models were developed for predicting the probabilistic floor spectra for partially self-centering structures. The analysis results indicate that ANN models can achieve excellent accuracy with a coefficient of determination larger than 0.99. Comparative analysis results reveal that the ASCE method may underestimate the acceleration demand of light secondary systems supported by partially self-centering structures. The developed ANN models were interpreted using the shapely additive explanations. It has been found that the fundamental periods of the main structure and nonstructural components and the response modification factor show significant effects on the median and deviation of the probabilistic floor spectra for partially self-centering structures. The software FloorSpecPS was established to predict the probabilistic floor spectra for partially self-centering structures using the developed ANN models in practical application.
Keyword ：
Nonstructural components Nonstructural components Artificial neural network Artificial neural network Spectral acceleration demands Spectral acceleration demands Partially self-centering Partially self-centering Probabilistic floor spectra Probabilistic floor spectra
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| GB/T 7714 | Hu, Shuling , Qu, Bing , Qiu, Canxing et al. Probabilistic evaluation of spectral acceleration demands on light secondary systems supported by partially self-centering structures [J]. | ENGINEERING STRUCTURES , 2024 , 315 . |
| MLA | Hu, Shuling et al. "Probabilistic evaluation of spectral acceleration demands on light secondary systems supported by partially self-centering structures" . | ENGINEERING STRUCTURES 315 (2024) . |
| APA | Hu, Shuling , Qu, Bing , Qiu, Canxing , Zhang, Ruibin . Probabilistic evaluation of spectral acceleration demands on light secondary systems supported by partially self-centering structures . | ENGINEERING STRUCTURES , 2024 , 315 . |
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Abstract ：
This paper proposes a new post-tensioned (PT) precast bridge column (PBC) with a socket connection. PT steel tendons and unbonded steel rebars provide self-centering capability and energy-dissipating capacity, respectively. Because the PT tendons are off-site anchored, they can effectively shorten the on-site working time and improve the safety and tolerance of construction. After describing the configuration and mechanism of the PBC, the analytical equations governing its cyclic behavior are derived. In the quasi-static cyclic loading test results, five PBC specimens and one cast-in-place (CIP) bridge column are designed, based on the criteria that their lateral "yield" strengths are identical, i.e. the concept of equivalent lateral force design. The results show that the PBC specimens realized the targeted lateral strength and exhibited self-centering damping behavior. Compared with the test data, the errors of the "yield" and ultimate strengths predicted by the analytical equations were -9.3% and 8.0%, respectively. The PBC specimens remained nearly intact throughout the tests, although minor cracks were detected in the concrete. In contrast, spalling of concrete and buckling of rebars were observed in the CIP specimen. The comparisons between the PBC specimens indicated that the novel bridge column could maintain self-centering capability and achieve the largest damping capacity when the lateral force-resisting contribution ratio of energy-dissipating steel rebars is 35%, the PT tendons are prestressed to 35% of ultimate stress with a reinforcement ratio of 0.35%, and the embedded depth is 0.7 times the width of the column.
Keyword ：
socket connection socket connection Bridge column Bridge column self-centering self-centering rocking rocking experimental test experimental test
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| GB/T 7714 | Jia, Junfeng , Bian, Jiachen , Xu, Kun et al. Cyclic Loading Tests of Novel Precast Bridge Columns with Off-Site Post-Tensioned Tendons and On-Site Socket Connection [J]. | JOURNAL OF EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING , 2024 . |
| MLA | Jia, Junfeng et al. "Cyclic Loading Tests of Novel Precast Bridge Columns with Off-Site Post-Tensioned Tendons and On-Site Socket Connection" . | JOURNAL OF EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING (2024) . |
| APA | Jia, Junfeng , Bian, Jiachen , Xu, Kun , Qiu, Canxing , Du, Xiuli , Guo, He et al. Cyclic Loading Tests of Novel Precast Bridge Columns with Off-Site Post-Tensioned Tendons and On-Site Socket Connection . | JOURNAL OF EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING , 2024 . |
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Abstract ：
以形状记忆合金(SMA)滑动摩擦阻尼器(shape memory alloy slip friction damper,SMASFD)为基础,提出了一种自复位摇摆柱.在该自复位摇摆柱中,柱身为H型钢,SMASFD位于柱底强轴的两侧呈对称布置,为摇摆柱提供自复位能力和消能能力.推导了摇摆柱的滞回模型理论公式,并在ABAQUS中建立了精细化有限元模型.理论公式与数值模拟均分析了摇摆柱在往复荷载下的滞回行为,二者的结果吻合良好,并且均表明该摇摆柱具有"旗帜形"的滞回曲线;摇摆柱的滞回行为由SMASFD的力学性能和柱身的轴压比控制.研究结果表明:提高SMASFD的承载力可以有效提高摇摆柱的受弯承载力;增大SMASFD的刚度可以同时提高摇摆柱的屈服前刚度和屈服后刚度;在满足稳定性的前提下,增大轴压比会提高摇摆柱的消压弯矩和强度,但是由P-Δ效应所产生的负刚度随之增加,同时增大了柱底的塑性应变.此外,由数值模拟结果还发现,挡板可防止SMASFD夹板在变形过程中滑出,从而避免SMA螺栓受弯.
Keyword ：
形状记忆合金 形状记忆合金 滞回行为 滞回行为 自复位 自复位 数值模拟 数值模拟 摇摆柱 摇摆柱
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| GB/T 7714 | 刘家旺 , 邱灿星 , 杜修力 . 设置SMA滑动摩擦阻尼器的自复位摇摆柱滞回行为理论分析与数值模拟 [J]. | 建筑结构学报 , 2023 , 44 (3) : 39-48 . |
| MLA | 刘家旺 et al. "设置SMA滑动摩擦阻尼器的自复位摇摆柱滞回行为理论分析与数值模拟" . | 建筑结构学报 44 . 3 (2023) : 39-48 . |
| APA | 刘家旺 , 邱灿星 , 杜修力 . 设置SMA滑动摩擦阻尼器的自复位摇摆柱滞回行为理论分析与数值模拟 . | 建筑结构学报 , 2023 , 44 (3) , 39-48 . |
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Abstract ：
隔震技术在提高多跨桥梁抗震性能方面已有广泛应用，然而传统隔震支座在近场脉冲地震动作用下容易产生残余位移较大、底部剪力水平较高、以及限位能力不足等问题。目前尝试解决上述问题主要有2个途径：一方面利用形状记忆合金(shape memory alloy, SMA)的隔震支座能有效控制峰值位移和残余位移，但同时会增加结构的内力响应；另一方面，利用负刚度(negative stiffness device, NSD)的隔震支座可以有效减小结构的内力响应，但可能会引起较大的残余位移。基于太平洋地震研究中心数据库提供的28条近场脉冲波，充分评估了间隙式SMA隔震支座和NSD隔震支座应用于多跨简支桥梁在四水准(小震、中震、大震和巨震)作用下的隔震性能。在此基础上，结合SMA与NSD各自的优点，提出一种间隙式SMA-NSD摩擦隔震支座并分析了其隔震性能。研究结果表明，该支座可显著降低NSD支座引起的残余变形并同时有效控制SMA支座引起的底部剪力。
Keyword ：
摩擦摆支座 摩擦摆支座 隔震桥梁 隔震桥梁 形状记忆合金 形状记忆合金 近场脉冲地震动 近场脉冲地震动 负刚度 负刚度
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| GB/T 7714 | 王萌 , 李承甜 , 唐雨晴 et al. 近场脉冲地震下间隙式SMA-NSD摩擦支座简支桥梁隔震研究 [J]. | 地震工程与工程振动 , 2023 , 43 (04) : 37-44 . |
| MLA | 王萌 et al. "近场脉冲地震下间隙式SMA-NSD摩擦支座简支桥梁隔震研究" . | 地震工程与工程振动 43 . 04 (2023) : 37-44 . |
| APA | 王萌 , 李承甜 , 唐雨晴 , 邱灿星 , 杜修力 . 近场脉冲地震下间隙式SMA-NSD摩擦支座简支桥梁隔震研究 . | 地震工程与工程振动 , 2023 , 43 (04) , 37-44 . |
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Abstract ：
Although the potential of shape memory alloys (SMAs) in seismic applications has been well recognized, the majority of the past research was directed to NiTi SMAs. This study aims to investigate the feasibility of using a novel type of SMA, termed superelastic monocrystalline CuAlBe SMA, in seismic vibration control. According to prior loading tests, CuAlBe SMAs had an excellent superelasticity behavior with the largest recoverable strain over 25%. Within the superelastic range, CuAlBe SMAs shown unloading behavior which was dependent on the strain amplitude in the present cycle, which could not be captured by current constitutive models. Hence, a new constitutive model was firstly proposed to simulate the hysteretic behavior of CuAlBe SMAs, and a good agreement is found between the experimental data and numerical simulations. And then, to explore the characteristics and advantages in terms of seismic applications, case studies on single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) systems with NiTi and CuAlBe SMAs were carried out. Finally, two design methods were used to size the NiTi and CuAlBe SMAs, and the corresponding SDOF systems were subjected to two ensembles of earthquakes associated with frequently occurred and design basis seismic hazard levels. The simulation results indicated that, compared with NiTi SMAs, CuAlBe SMAs could more effectively control the displacement and acceleration demands, if their ductility capacity was fully utilized in the design procedure.
Keyword ：
CuAlBe CuAlBe constitutive model constitutive model seismic design seismic design seismic applications seismic applications SMA SMA
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| GB/T 7714 | Qiu, Canxing , Tang, Yuqing , Liu, Hang et al. Seismic response analysis of single-degree-of-freedom systems with superelastic monocrystalline CuAlBe SMAs [J]. | SMART MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES , 2023 , 32 (11) . |
| MLA | Qiu, Canxing et al. "Seismic response analysis of single-degree-of-freedom systems with superelastic monocrystalline CuAlBe SMAs" . | SMART MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES 32 . 11 (2023) . |
| APA | Qiu, Canxing , Tang, Yuqing , Liu, Hang , Du, Xiuli . Seismic response analysis of single-degree-of-freedom systems with superelastic monocrystalline CuAlBe SMAs . | SMART MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES , 2023 , 32 (11) . |
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