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学者姓名：南群
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Abstract ：
Object: Microwave ablation has been widely used in tumor treatment, and the antenna is a critical component of microwave ablation. We aimed to evaluate a single-slot antenna to generate a small volume ablation zone (0.5 similar to 4cm(3)) in adrenal tissue. Methods: A three-dimensional numerical model of the adrenal tissue was built and solved by the Finite Element Method. In the simulation model, the slot antenna was placed between the adrenal gland and fat, and the microwave ablation power and time were adjusted to obtain the target ablation zone. In ex vivo experiments, the length and width of the ablation zone were measured, and the significance of ablation parameters on it was determined using a multi-factorial analysis of variance method. The temperature versus time curves at 3mm and 7mm from the antenna were plotted to validate the simulation. Results: The simulation results showed that the combination of microwave ablation parameter settings 30W/300s, 40W/180s, and 40W/300s could create ablation zones in the adrenal tissue volumes of 1.4,1.17 and 3.28cm(3), respectively, with minimal damage (less than 0.18cm3) to the surrounding fat tissue. Both power and heating time significantly affected the length and width of the ablation zone. The temperature rise curves obtained in the simulation and ex vivo experiments were in good agreement. Conclusion: This work shows that utilizing a slot antenna can produce a small volume ablation zone in adrenal tissue for microwave ablation of benign adrenal adenomas.
Keyword ：
microwave antenna microwave antenna microwave ablation microwave ablation fat fat Adrenal adenoma Adrenal adenoma
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| GB/T 7714 | Liu, Huihui , Nan, Qun , Wu, Ning et al. SIMULATION AND EX VIVO EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF MICROWAVE ABLATION OF ADRENAL ADENOMA BY COAXIAL SLOT ANTENNA [J]. | JOURNAL OF MECHANICS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY , 2024 , 24 (07) . |
| MLA | Liu, Huihui et al. "SIMULATION AND EX VIVO EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF MICROWAVE ABLATION OF ADRENAL ADENOMA BY COAXIAL SLOT ANTENNA" . | JOURNAL OF MECHANICS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 24 . 07 (2024) . |
| APA | Liu, Huihui , Nan, Qun , Wu, Ning , Song, Xiaohua . SIMULATION AND EX VIVO EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF MICROWAVE ABLATION OF ADRENAL ADENOMA BY COAXIAL SLOT ANTENNA . | JOURNAL OF MECHANICS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY , 2024 , 24 (07) . |
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Abstract ：
The radiofrequency ablation temperature system is characterised by its time-varying, non-linear, and hysteretic nature. The application of PID controllers to the control of radiofrequency ablation temperature systems has a number of challenges, including overshoot, dependence on high-precision mathematical models, and difficulty in parameter tuning. Therefore, in order to improve the effectiveness of radiofrequency ablation temperature control, an adaptive network-based fuzzy inference system combined with an incremental PID controller was used to optimise the shortcomings of the PID controller in radiofrequency ablation temperature control. At the same time, the learning rate at the time of updating the consequence parameters was set by segmentation to solve the problem of poor control accuracy when the ANFIS-PID controller is implemented based on FPGA fixed-point decimals. Based on FPGA-in-the-loop simulation experiments and ex vivo experiments, the effectiveness of the ANFIS-PID controller in the temperature control of radiofrequency ablation was verified and compared with the PID controller under the same conditions. The experimental results show that the ANFIS-PID controller has a superior performance in terms of tracking capability and stability compared with the PID controller.
Keyword ：
FPGA FPGA adaptive network-based fuzzy inference system adaptive network-based fuzzy inference system radiofrequency ablation radiofrequency ablation proportional-integral-derivative proportional-integral-derivative
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| GB/T 7714 | Zhang, Zhishuai , Nan, Qun . Adaptive Network-Based Fuzzy Inference System-Proportional-Integral-Derivative Controller Based on FPGA and Its Application in Radiofrequency Ablation Temperature Control [J]. | APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL , 2024 , 14 (11) . |
| MLA | Zhang, Zhishuai et al. "Adaptive Network-Based Fuzzy Inference System-Proportional-Integral-Derivative Controller Based on FPGA and Its Application in Radiofrequency Ablation Temperature Control" . | APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 14 . 11 (2024) . |
| APA | Zhang, Zhishuai , Nan, Qun . Adaptive Network-Based Fuzzy Inference System-Proportional-Integral-Derivative Controller Based on FPGA and Its Application in Radiofrequency Ablation Temperature Control . | APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL , 2024 , 14 (11) . |
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Abstract ：
Microwave ablation, as an emerging method for treating lung cancer, has been widely used because of its advantages, such as being less invasive and having fewer side effects compared with other therapies, such as surgery and chemotherapy. The key to microwave ablation is to destroy the tumor tissue while minimizing the damage caused to the surrounding healthy tissues. Based on the heat transfer model of porous media, a two-dimensional simulation model of a spherical tumor surrounded by healthy tissue is established in this paper. The effects of tumor diameter, tumor porosity, and microwave ablation power on the highest temperature, ablation area, and volume of the tumor tissue were studied by using the software COMOSL Multiphysics. The results show that the porous heat transfer model is more practical than the Pennes biological heat transfer model. The tumor diameter and the tumor porosity have a great influence on the maximum temperature, the ablation area and volume. In this study, a more realistic model of microwave ablation of lung tumors was established, and the ablation results were predicted accurately, which provided the basic reference data for the selection of clinical therapeutic parameters of microwave ablation of lung tumors. To a certain extent, it can ensure that the ablation area completely covers the tumor and reduces the risk of tumor recurrence, which is of great significance in the accurate treatment of pulmonary tumors by microwave ablation.
Keyword ：
ablation volume ablation volume temperature distribution temperature distribution lung tissue lung tissue porous media porous media microwave ablation microwave ablation tumor porosity tumor porosity
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| GB/T 7714 | Mai, Xin , Wu, Ning , Nan, Qun et al. Simulation Study of Microwave Ablation of Porous Lung Tissue [J]. | APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL , 2023 , 13 (1) . |
| MLA | Mai, Xin et al. "Simulation Study of Microwave Ablation of Porous Lung Tissue" . | APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 13 . 1 (2023) . |
| APA | Mai, Xin , Wu, Ning , Nan, Qun , Bi, Sixin . Simulation Study of Microwave Ablation of Porous Lung Tissue . | APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL , 2023 , 13 (1) . |
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Laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) is an emerging clinical treatment for deep brain tumors, which is safe, minimally invasive, and effective. This paper established a three-dimensional model based on the LITT heat transfer model, including brain tissue, laser fiber, and straight tube vessels. Combining the PID control equation, diffuse approximation equation, Pennes heat transfer equation, and Murray's law, the effect of micro-vessel radius and distance between vessels and fiber on the ablation temperature field during laser ablation was investigated by using COMSOL finite element software. The results showed that at a constant distance of 1 mm between the vessel and the fiber, the vessels with a radius of 0.1-0.2 mm could be completely coagulated, the vessels with a radius of 0.3-0.6 mm had cooling and directional effects on temperature distribution and thermal damage, and the vessels with a radius of 0.7-1.0 mm had cooling effects on the ablation temperature. When the vessel-fiber spacing was raised by 2 mm, 0.3-0.4 mm, vasculature had a directional influence on the temperature field; when the vessel-fiber spacing was raised by 3 mm, only 0.3 mm vessels had a directional effect on the temperature field. The range of temperature field impacted by blood flow diminishes as the distance between the optical fiber and the blood artery grows. The ablation zone eventually tends to be left and right symmetrical. In this study, we simulated the LITT ablation temperature field model influenced by tiny vessels based on PID control. We initially classified the vessels, which provided some guidance for accurate prediction and helped the accuracy of preoperative planning.
Keyword ：
directional effect directional effect temperature distribution temperature distribution laser interstitial thermal therapy laser interstitial thermal therapy PID temperature control PID temperature control
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| GB/T 7714 | Bi, Sixin , Liu, Huihui , Nan, Qun et al. Study on the Effect of Micro-Vessels on Ablation Effect in Laser Interstitial Brain Tissue Thermal Therapy Based on PID Temperature Control [J]. | APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL , 2023 , 13 (6) . |
| MLA | Bi, Sixin et al. "Study on the Effect of Micro-Vessels on Ablation Effect in Laser Interstitial Brain Tissue Thermal Therapy Based on PID Temperature Control" . | APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 13 . 6 (2023) . |
| APA | Bi, Sixin , Liu, Huihui , Nan, Qun , Mai, Xin . Study on the Effect of Micro-Vessels on Ablation Effect in Laser Interstitial Brain Tissue Thermal Therapy Based on PID Temperature Control . | APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL , 2023 , 13 (6) . |
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Abstract ：
Background: In order to study the effect of bifurcation vessels parameters on the temperature field and coagulation zone of microwave ablation on lung tissue. Methods: The finite element method was used to establish the simulation model. The angle of bifurcation vessel model was 60 degrees. The position of the antenna and the main blood vessel are parallel, and the distance between them was 5, 10 and 15 mm, respectively. Temperature field distribution was obtained at 2450 MHz, 50 W and 300 s. The blood flow velocity was set to 0.1 and 0.2 m/s. Results: The results showed when the antenna was 5 mm away from the bifurcation vessel and the velocity was 0.1 m/s, the position of x = 8.4 mm achieved the complete necrosis at 220 s, while the fraction of necrotic tissue at the symmetry point x = 1.6 mm was 0.2 at 300 s. For the distance was 10 mm and the velocity was 0.1 m/s, the fraction of necrotic tissue at x = 3 mm that near the bifurcation vessel was 0.53 and was 0.69 at the symmetry point x = 17 mm. When the antenna is 15 mm away from the vessel, the fraction of necrotic tissue of symmetrical points on both sides of the antenna obtained after ablation were the same. Conclusions: The distance between the antenna and the bifurcation vessel over 15 mm, the blood flow has no effect on the coagulation zone. Besides, the distance between bifurcation vessel and antenna possesses a greater influence on the temperature distribution and coagulation zone than the blood flow velocity.
Keyword ：
lung tissue lung tissue coagulation zone coagulation zone Microwave ablation Microwave ablation blood velocity blood velocity bifurcation vessel bifurcation vessel temperature distribution temperature distribution
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| GB/T 7714 | Tian, Zhen , Cheng, Yanyan , Hu, Hao et al. Numerical study on the effect of bifurcation vessel parameters on microwave ablation of lung tissue [J]. | ELECTROMAGNETIC BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE , 2022 , 41 (3) : 272-280 . |
| MLA | Tian, Zhen et al. "Numerical study on the effect of bifurcation vessel parameters on microwave ablation of lung tissue" . | ELECTROMAGNETIC BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 41 . 3 (2022) : 272-280 . |
| APA | Tian, Zhen , Cheng, Yanyan , Hu, Hao , Mai, Xin , Nan, Qun . Numerical study on the effect of bifurcation vessel parameters on microwave ablation of lung tissue . | ELECTROMAGNETIC BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE , 2022 , 41 (3) , 272-280 . |
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(1) Background: Microwave ablation (MWA) has an efficient killing effect on primary and metastatic lung cancer. However, the treatment effect will be affected by the air in the lung, which makes it very difficult to accurately predict and control the ablation area; (2) Methods: In this paper, in vitro experiments combined with simulations are used to study the microwave ablation area of inflated porcine lung. The in vitro experiment is divided into inflated group and deflated group, combined with different ablation power (40 W, 50 W, 60 W) and ablation time (100 s, 200 s, 300 s) for experiment, each power and time combination are repeated five times. A total of 90 ablation experiments were performed. The simulation experiment uses COMSOL Multiphysics software to simulate the microwave ablation area of the inflated lung; (3) Results and Conclusions: When the ablation power is 40 W, 50 W, and 60 W, the average long diameter of the deflated group are 20.8-30.9%, 7.6-22.6%, 10.4-19.8% larger than those of the inflated group, respectively; the average short diameter of the deflated group is 24.5-41.4%, 31.6-45.7%, 27.3-42.9% larger than that of the inflated group. The results show that the ablation area of inflated lung is smaller than deflated lung, which is mainly due to the smaller ablation short diameter.
Keyword ：
microwave ablation microwave ablation in vitro experiment in vitro experiment finite element simulation finite element simulation lung cancers lung cancers
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| GB/T 7714 | Hu, Hao , Nan, Qun , Tian, Zhen et al. Study on the Microwave Ablation Effect of Inflated Porcine Lung [J]. | APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL , 2022 , 12 (12) . |
| MLA | Hu, Hao et al. "Study on the Microwave Ablation Effect of Inflated Porcine Lung" . | APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 12 . 12 (2022) . |
| APA | Hu, Hao , Nan, Qun , Tian, Zhen , Gao, Xiang . Study on the Microwave Ablation Effect of Inflated Porcine Lung . | APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL , 2022 , 12 (12) . |
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Abstract ：
OBJECTIVE: To cure atrial fibrillation, the maximum ablation depth (>= 50 degrees C) should exceed the myocardial thickness to achieve the effect of transmural ablation. The blood flow of pulmonary vein in the endocardium can cause the change in the myocardial temperature distribution. Therefore, the study investigated the effect of different pulmonary vein blood flow velocities on the endocardial microwave ablation. METHODS: The finite element model of the endocardial microwave ablation of pulmonary vein was simulated by electromagnetic thermal flow coupling. The ablation power was 30 W and the ablation time was within 30 s. The blood flow in the coupling of fluid mechanics equation and heat transfer equation results in the heat damage. Furthermore, the cause of the different lesion dimensions is the blood flow velocity. The flow velocities were set as 0, 0.02, 0.05, 0.07, 0.12, 0.16, 0.20, 0.25 and 0.30 m/s. RESULTS: When the flow velocities were 0, 0.02, 0.05, 0.07, 0.12, 0.16, 0.20, 0.25 and 0.30 m/s, the maximum ablation depth were 6.00, 5.56, 5.16, 5.12, 5.04, 5.01, 4.98, 4.96 and 4.94 mm, respectively; the maximum ablation width were 12.53, 9.63, 9.23, 9.16, 9.07, 9.05, 8.94, 8.91 and 8.90 mm, respectively; the maximum ablation length were 12.00, 11.61, 8.98, 8.59, 8.37, 8.23, 8.16, 8.06 and 8.04 mm respectively. To achieve transmural ablation, the time was 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4 s, respectively when the myocardial thickness was 2 mm; the time was 7, 8, 8, 8, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9 s, respectively when 3 mm; the time was 15, 16, 18, 19, 19, 20, 20, 20, 20 s, respectively when 4 mm. CONCLUSIONS: When the velocity increases from 0 m/s to 0.3 m/s, the microwave lesion depth decreases by 1.06 mm. To achieve transmural ablation, when the myocardial thickness is 2 mm, 3 and 4 s should be taken when the velocity is 0-0.12 and 0.12-0.30 m/s, respectively; when the myocardial thickness is 3 mm, 7, 8 and 9 s should be taken when 0, 0-0.07 and 0.07-0.30 m/s respectively; when the myocardial thickness is 4 mm, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20 s should be taken when 0, 0-0.02, 0.02-0.05, 0.05-0.12, 0.12 m/s-0.30 m/s.
Keyword ：
numerical simulation numerical simulation Atrial fibrillation Atrial fibrillation microwave ablation microwave ablation blood flow velocity blood flow velocity pulmonary vein pulmonary vein
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| GB/T 7714 | Zhang, Meng , Cheng, Yanyan , Liu, Hongxing et al. Study on the effect of different blood flow velocities of pulmonary vein on endocardial microwave ablation of atrial fibrillation [J]. | TECHNOLOGY AND HEALTH CARE , 2022 , 30 (1) : 29-41 . |
| MLA | Zhang, Meng et al. "Study on the effect of different blood flow velocities of pulmonary vein on endocardial microwave ablation of atrial fibrillation" . | TECHNOLOGY AND HEALTH CARE 30 . 1 (2022) : 29-41 . |
| APA | Zhang, Meng , Cheng, Yanyan , Liu, Hongxing , Nan, Qun . Study on the effect of different blood flow velocities of pulmonary vein on endocardial microwave ablation of atrial fibrillation . | TECHNOLOGY AND HEALTH CARE , 2022 , 30 (1) , 29-41 . |
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Abstract ：
Renal denervation transmits radiofrequency (RF) energy through an electrode to treat resistant hypertension (RH), applying ablation in the renal artery. Several experimental studies have shown that this treatment has been used effectively to treat RH. The aim of this paper is to investigate the effect of ablation parameters (i.e., electrode length, applied voltage, ablation time, and blood flow) on the temperature distribution using a balloon-based array electrodes system. A simplified three-dimensional model including four electrodes and a balloon was established. The balloon diameter was 3 mm and placed in a 5 mm diameter renal artery for forming intra-arterial occlusion. Four electrodes were mounted on the balloon and distributed in the same plane to mimic circumferential RF ablation. Computer simulations were conducted to investigate the thermal performances of the device by setting different electrode configurations, treatment protocols, and physiological factors. The thermal performances including the thermal distribution, maximum lesion depth, length, and area were analyzed. The lesion shape of the array RF electrodes was approximately a sphere with a 100% circumference coverage rate of the renal artery. The lesion depth and length increase with each factor except for blood velocity. Increasing the electrode length from 2 to 4 mm or 2 to 6 mm, the lesion depth increases by 1.15 mm and 0.54 mm at 60 s. The corresponding lesion length increases by 2.65 mm and 2.34 mm, respectively. The range of effective lesion depth is 1.90-4.90 mm, at a voltage of 15-30 V. But the peak temperature at the arterial outer wall exceeded 100 degrees C when the voltage is above 25 V. In tissue, the degree of thermal injury in the 2 mm area reached 100%, but in blood was not more than 5%. There was no significant difference at different flow conditions because the difference value in lesion depth was not exceeded 0.5 mm. The results showed that the balloon-based four electrodes system is expected to overcome the difficulty of incomplete ablation. In clinical application, 2 mm-electrode is recommended to avoid long wall damage as much as possible and control the voltage below 25 V. This treatment has little thermal injury on the blood, which means it may avoid coagulation formation. Moreover, the application of this device does not need to consider the difference in individual blood velocity.
Keyword ：
array radiofrequency electrodes array radiofrequency electrodes Resistant hypertension Resistant hypertension renal sympathetic denervation renal sympathetic denervation multi-field coupling multi-field coupling
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| GB/T 7714 | Cheng, Yanyan , Liu, Hongxing , Tian, Zhen et al. Evaluating the thermal performance of a balloon-based renal sympathetic denervation system with array electrodes: a finite element study [J]. | ELECTROMAGNETIC BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE , 2021 , 40 (4) : 488-501 . |
| MLA | Cheng, Yanyan et al. "Evaluating the thermal performance of a balloon-based renal sympathetic denervation system with array electrodes: a finite element study" . | ELECTROMAGNETIC BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 40 . 4 (2021) : 488-501 . |
| APA | Cheng, Yanyan , Liu, Hongxing , Tian, Zhen , Zhang, Meng , Liu, Youjun , Nan, Qun . Evaluating the thermal performance of a balloon-based renal sympathetic denervation system with array electrodes: a finite element study . | ELECTROMAGNETIC BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE , 2021 , 40 (4) , 488-501 . |
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Objective Renal sympathetic denervation (RDN) is an alternative treatment for resistant hypertension (RH). This study aims to compare ablation effects using three radiofrequency applicators (i.e., balloon-based four electrodes, spiral and monopolar devices). Methods An idealized three-dimensional model of the renal artery was established using COMSOL Multiphysics to mimic radiofrequency ablation (RFA). Radiofrequency (RF) energy was delivered to the tissue at the same simulation settings, i.e., 4, 6, and 8 W for 60 s, using the three abovementioned RF applicators. The temperature distribution in the tissue was calculated using the coupled electrical-thermal-fluid finite element method. Lesion borders were defined using 50 degrees C isotherms. The maximum lesion depth, width, area, and circumferential coverage rate were compared among the three applicators at a blood flow of 0.4 m/s. Monopolar RF ablations in a renal artery phantom model were performed to validate the reliability of the simulation method. Results The balloon-based system yields greater lesion depths and widths compared with spiral and monopolar denervation under the same power. The range of maximum lesion depth is 1.58-3.11 mm for balloon-based RDN, 0.90-1.81 mm for spiral RDN and 1.12-2.38 mm for monopolar RDN, at a power of 4-8 W. The corresponding ranges of maximum lesion width are 2.22-5.73, 1.48-3.54, and 1.93-5.31 mm, respectively, and the circumferential coverage rates of the renal artery are 41.43%-91.99%, 31.71%-66.23%, and 9.55%-23.06%, respectively. The average velocity after balloon-based, spiral, and monopolar RDN increases by 3, 5, and 1 cm/s, respectively. The validation of the computer model offered prediction errors are <5% in terms of temperature at different locations (i.e., 2, 4, and 8 mm). Conclusions In terms of lesion size, balloon-based RDN appears to be the best option for the treatment of RH. However, the change in flow velocity in the arterial flow field suggests that its hemodynamic changes must be prioritized for investigating its safety. Although spiral catheter ablation yields the smallest lesion size and a significant change in flow velocity in the flow field, its coverage rate is larger than that of monopolar RDN; compared with balloon-based RDN, it did not obstruct most of the blood flow.
Keyword ：
renal sympathetic denervation renal sympathetic denervation in vitro experiments in vitro experiments radiofrequency electrode radiofrequency electrode Resistant hypertension Resistant hypertension numerical simulation numerical simulation
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| GB/T 7714 | Cheng, Yanyan , Liu, Hongxing , Tian, Zhen et al. Comparison of ablation characteristics of three different radiofrequency applicators in renal sympathetic denervation [J]. | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYPERTHERMIA , 2021 , 38 (1) : 1251-1262 . |
| MLA | Cheng, Yanyan et al. "Comparison of ablation characteristics of three different radiofrequency applicators in renal sympathetic denervation" . | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYPERTHERMIA 38 . 1 (2021) : 1251-1262 . |
| APA | Cheng, Yanyan , Liu, Hongxing , Tian, Zhen , Zhang, Meng , Liu, Youjun , Nan, Qun . Comparison of ablation characteristics of three different radiofrequency applicators in renal sympathetic denervation . | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYPERTHERMIA , 2021 , 38 (1) , 1251-1262 . |
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Abstract ：
Renal sympathetic denervation (RSD) is a new method for the treatment of resistant hypertension (RH). However, few studies have focused on the effects of RSD on blood flow and the interaction between temperature field and flow field. In this paper, firstly, we designed a numerical simulation of electromagnetic field, flow field and temperature field coupling by finite element method. Secondly, numerical simulation results were verified by particle image velocimetry (PIV) and vitro experiment. From the simulation results, when the flow velocity increases to 0.05 m/s, the turbulence near the electrode disappeared and flow state became uniform laminar flow. With the increases of flow velocity (0 m/s to 0.1 m/s), temperature rise of the renal artery, the electrode tip and blood decreased from 13 degrees C, 24 degrees C and 5.4 degrees C to 9.3 degrees C, 9.7 degrees C and 0.2 degrees C, respectively. From PIV experiment and vitro experiment results, when the flow rate increases to 0.5 L/min, it appeared similar phenomenon with the velocity of 0.05 m/s in simulation. With the increases of flow rate (0 L/min to 0.8 L/min), temperature rise of three points decreased from 11.2 degrees C, 20.5 degrees C and 3.6 degrees C to 7.8 degrees C, 8.5 degrees C, and 0.4 degrees C, respectively. When the blood flow rate exceeds 0.5 L/min, there is no large velocity gradient and reflux area in the flow field, so there will be no hemolysis and thrombosis. Therefore, the temperature field has less influence on the flow field. With the increase of flow rate, the temperature at all three points decreases. Therefore, the flow field has an effect on the temperature field. But the central temperature of renal artery can still reach the treatment target in which temperature rises to be more than 6 degrees C. Therefore, this study preliminarily verified the safety and effectiveness of RSD.
Keyword ：
Renal sympathetic denervation Renal sympathetic denervation PIV experiments PIV experiments flow field flow field finite element method finite element method
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| GB/T 7714 | Liu, Hong-Xing , Cheng, Yan-Yan , Tian, Zhen et al. Flow field study of radiofrequency ablation of renal sympathetic nerve: Numerical simulation and PIV experiments [J]. | ELECTROMAGNETIC BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE , 2020 , 39 (4) : 262-272 . |
| MLA | Liu, Hong-Xing et al. "Flow field study of radiofrequency ablation of renal sympathetic nerve: Numerical simulation and PIV experiments" . | ELECTROMAGNETIC BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 39 . 4 (2020) : 262-272 . |
| APA | Liu, Hong-Xing , Cheng, Yan-Yan , Tian, Zhen , Gao, Xiang , Zhang, Meng , Nan, Qun . Flow field study of radiofrequency ablation of renal sympathetic nerve: Numerical simulation and PIV experiments . | ELECTROMAGNETIC BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE , 2020 , 39 (4) , 262-272 . |
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