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学者姓名：许坤
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Abstract ：
With the ever-growing of span length, the safety factor of flutter for long-span bridges, i.e., the ratio between the critical flutter wind velocity and flutter checking velocity, has become increasingly less. Utilizing mechanical devices as a supplemental measure to the aerodynamic measures has become a solution for enhancing the flutter performance of long-span bridges. In this study, the inerter-based dynamic vibration absorbers (IDVAs), featured by light-weight and broadband properties, are employed to improve the flutter performance of long-span bridges and are compared with conventional tuned mass damper (TMD). A numerical optimal design method for the bridge-IDVA systems under flutter is first proposed. Then, the performance of the control systems subjected to the uncertainty of flutter derivatives as well as hard and soft types of flutter is systematically investigated. Compared with TMD, utilizing IDVAs can not only increase the critical flutter wind velocity, but also reduce the failure probability after considering the uncertainty of flutter derivatives. When the flutter of a bridge is characterized by soft type, the advantages of the IDVAs will become more significant. The findings in this research can contribute to the flutter control of long-span bridges and promote the application studies of inerter-based devices.
Keyword ：
Dynamic and sensitivity analysis Dynamic and sensitivity analysis Long-span bridges Long-span bridges Flutter control Flutter control Optimal design Optimal design Inerter-based dynamic vibration absorbers Inerter-based dynamic vibration absorbers
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| GB/T 7714 | Xu, Kun , Li, Zhenchuan , Ren, Shiming et al. Enhancing the flutter performance of long-span bridges through using inerter-based dynamic vibration absorbers [J]. | ENGINEERING STRUCTURES , 2025 , 328 . |
| MLA | Xu, Kun et al. "Enhancing the flutter performance of long-span bridges through using inerter-based dynamic vibration absorbers" . | ENGINEERING STRUCTURES 328 (2025) . |
| APA | Xu, Kun , Li, Zhenchuan , Ren, Shiming , Fang, Genshen , Bi, Kaiming , Han, Qiang . Enhancing the flutter performance of long-span bridges through using inerter-based dynamic vibration absorbers . | ENGINEERING STRUCTURES , 2025 , 328 . |
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Abstract ：
This research contributes new analytical formulae for H infinity optimal tuning of non-grounded tuned mass-damperinerter (TMDI) for minimizing free-end displacement of base-excited cantilevered structures. The derivation relies on the fixed-point theory, making use of single-mode modelling of the cantilevered structure while accommodating arbitrary TMDI placement along the structural height. Optimal TMDI tuning parameters are derived for given dominant mode shape of structure and TMDI inertial properties (i.e., secondary mass and inertance) under two different types of harmonic excitations with frequency-independent displacement and acceleration amplitudes. The applicability of the derived TMDI tuning formulae for response mitigation of lightly damped cantilevered structures under stationary broadband support excitation is established through comparisons with numerically optimal TMDI properties for a wide range of TMDI inertial properties. Moreover, the analytical TMDI tuning formulae derived in this study achieve enhanced structural performance for base-excited structures compared to those from the literature, derived under various modelling assumptions and optimality criteria. Lastly, the potential of the proposed TMDI tuning for structural response mitigation is numerically evaluated by examining displacement, acceleration, and energy dissipation response history data of an experimentally identified reinforced concrete bridge pier model subjected to 100 earthquake ground motion (GM) records. Overall, reported results demonstrate that the derived analytical formulae can significantly extend the practical application of TMDI as a bona fide dynamic vibration absorber for base-excited structures by circumventing the need for computationally demanding numerical TMDI tuning optimization.
Keyword ：
Analytical optimization design Analytical optimization design Vibration control Vibration control Non -grounded configuration Non -grounded configuration Tuned mass damper inerter Tuned mass damper inerter Base -excited cantilevered structures Base -excited cantilevered structures
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| GB/T 7714 | Li, Zhenchuan , Xu, Kun , Wang, Zixiao et al. Analytical design of non-grounded tuned mass-damper-inerter for base-excited structures [J]. | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCES , 2024 , 276 . |
| MLA | Li, Zhenchuan et al. "Analytical design of non-grounded tuned mass-damper-inerter for base-excited structures" . | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCES 276 (2024) . |
| APA | Li, Zhenchuan , Xu, Kun , Wang, Zixiao , Bi, Kaiming , Qin, Huailei , Giaralis, Agathoklis . Analytical design of non-grounded tuned mass-damper-inerter for base-excited structures . | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCES , 2024 , 276 . |
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Abstract ：
In this study, the lever mechanism is incorporated with the tuned mass damper inerter (TMDI) to further promote the practical application of TMDI in long-span bridges. Four potential configurations of the lever-arm tuned mass damper inerter (LTMDI) are first established, and the corresponding governing equations are derived. Then, the optimum configuration of LTMDI is identified by minimizing the peak of non-dimensional displacement fre-quency response function (FRF). Subsequently, the influences design parameters, such as mass ratio, inertance ratio, lever mass ratio, and spanning distance of the inerter are investigated. Based on the results, empirical design formulas of design parameters are proposed and verified. Finally, a cable-stayed bridge is adopted as a numerical case to further illustrate the performance of LTMDI in terms of response reduction and robustness. The results show that the involving of the lever into TMDI is an effective mechanism for implementing the inerter's spanning in long-span bridges. With this mechanism, it is practically feasible to achieve a high effectiveness, low space requirement and more robustness control device for long-span bridges. The developed design formulas have a high accuracy, which can provide reliable support for the design of the LTMDI in engineering applications.
Keyword ：
Long-span bridges Long-span bridges Control effectiveness Control effectiveness Lever-arm tuned mass damper inerter Lever-arm tuned mass damper inerter Vibration control Vibration control
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| GB/T 7714 | Li, Zhenchuan , Xu, Kun , Ma, Ruisheng et al. A novel lever-arm tuned mass damper inerter (LTMDI) for vibration control of long-span bridges [J]. | ENGINEERING STRUCTURES , 2023 , 293 . |
| MLA | Li, Zhenchuan et al. "A novel lever-arm tuned mass damper inerter (LTMDI) for vibration control of long-span bridges" . | ENGINEERING STRUCTURES 293 (2023) . |
| APA | Li, Zhenchuan , Xu, Kun , Ma, Ruisheng , Bi, Kaiming , Han, Qiang . A novel lever-arm tuned mass damper inerter (LTMDI) for vibration control of long-span bridges . | ENGINEERING STRUCTURES , 2023 , 293 . |
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Abstract ：
This study proposes to use series-type tuned mass damper inerters (STMDIs) to suppress the bending and torsional vibrations of the bridge girder. Three potential layout schemes of STMDIs suitable for being installed inside the bridge girder are investigated. The governing equations of the bridge with spatially distributed STMDIs are established in modal coordinate. The optimal design strategy for suppressing the multiple-mode vibration of the bridge girder by using spatially distributed STMDIs is proposed. The feasibility of these schemes is validated and compared in terms of control efficiency, space feasibility, and frequency band property. Time-domain validation through embedding the STMDIs into the finite element model of the bridge is also conducted. The results show that STMDIs have a much better control efficiency and frequency band property than TMDI and TMD. It can simultaneously be tuned to suppress the bending and torsional vibrations of the bridge at different bending-to-torsional frequency ratios. And the space performance of this device is also quite favorable. Through spatially distributing the multiple STMDIs, the vibration of the bridge can be further reduced.
Keyword ：
Bending and torsional vibrations Bending and torsional vibrations STMDIs STMDIs Long-span bridge Long-span bridge Control Control Wind effect Wind effect
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| GB/T 7714 | Li, Zhenchuan , Xu, Kun , Bi, Kaiming et al. Suppressing wind-induced bending and torsional vibrations of long-span bridges by series-type tuned mass damper inerters (STMDIs) [J]. | STRUCTURES , 2023 , 48 : 918-933 . |
| MLA | Li, Zhenchuan et al. "Suppressing wind-induced bending and torsional vibrations of long-span bridges by series-type tuned mass damper inerters (STMDIs)" . | STRUCTURES 48 (2023) : 918-933 . |
| APA | Li, Zhenchuan , Xu, Kun , Bi, Kaiming , Xu, Li , Han, Qiang . Suppressing wind-induced bending and torsional vibrations of long-span bridges by series-type tuned mass damper inerters (STMDIs) . | STRUCTURES , 2023 , 48 , 918-933 . |
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Abstract ：
This paper proposes using spatially distributed TMD-type counterweights for the multiple-mode vibration control of irregular bridges subjected to wind loads. In particular, the governing equations of the bridge with TMD-type counterweights that are spatially distributed at any transverse and/or longitudinal positions of the bridge girder are established. Four objective functions are formulated and compared, and an optimum design method is developed to obtain the optimal design parameters of the TMD-type counterweights for each objective. Subsequently, an irregular cable-stayed bridge equipped with counterweight blocks is chosen as the prototype to demonstrate the control effectiveness of TMD-type counterweights. The results show that the proposed method is feasible for the multiple-mode vibration control of irregular bridges, and TMD-type counterweights show good control efficiency and robustness performance, providing an attractive alternative to traditional counterweights in the vibration control, especially multiple-mode vibration control, of irregular bridges.
Keyword ：
optimum design optimum design TMD-type counterweight TMD-type counterweight vibration control vibration control Irregular bridge Irregular bridge
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| GB/T 7714 | Li, Zhenchuan , Xu, Kun , Ma, Ruisheng et al. Vibration Control of Irregular Bridges Using Spatially Distributed TMD-Type Counterweights [J]. | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL STABILITY AND DYNAMICS , 2023 , 23 (11) . |
| MLA | Li, Zhenchuan et al. "Vibration Control of Irregular Bridges Using Spatially Distributed TMD-Type Counterweights" . | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL STABILITY AND DYNAMICS 23 . 11 (2023) . |
| APA | Li, Zhenchuan , Xu, Kun , Ma, Ruisheng , Fang, Genshen , Han, Qiang . Vibration Control of Irregular Bridges Using Spatially Distributed TMD-Type Counterweights . | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL STABILITY AND DYNAMICS , 2023 , 23 (11) . |
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Abstract ：
Tuned mass damper inerter (TMDI) is a promising device for structural vibration control. Existing design formulas for TMDI are derived based on an undamped single-degree-of-freedom primary structure. When applied to vortex-induced vibration (VIV) control of bridges, it may lead to a suboptimal design of TMDI, since VIV is characterized by nonlinear aeroelastic effect and sensitive to the structural damping. This study proposes closed-form design formulas of TMDI that are suitable for VIV control of bridges. Governing equations of the bridge-TMDI system are first established in modal coordinate. Based on these equations, the equivalent damping of TMDI to the bridge is derived. Then, the design formulas for TMDI frequency and damping ratio with predetermined TMDI mass, inertance, and inerter arrangement are developed to achieve the required equivalent damping of TMDI. The reliability of the proposed formulas is validated by utilizing the wind tunnel experimental data of a bridge. It is found that the effect of TMDI to the bridge can be treated as an increase of the structural damping. It is also found that the TMDI parameters will betray the optimum values if the VIV force model fails to correctly predict the required equivalent damping of TMDI. To eliminate this disadvantage, some design suggestions are presented. The comparison with existing TMDI design formulas and discussions on the application scope of the proposed formulas are also conducted. The proposed formulas can achieve a better control efficiency for the same predetermined TMDI parameters and have high accuracy within the scope of practical engineering applications.
Keyword ：
long-span bridge long-span bridge vortex-induced vibration vortex-induced vibration vibration control vibration control design formulas design formulas TMDI TMDI
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| GB/T 7714 | Xu, Kun , Dai, Qian , Bi, Kaiming et al. Closed-form design formulas of TMDI for suppressing vortex-induced vibration of bridge structures [J]. | STRUCTURAL CONTROL & HEALTH MONITORING , 2022 , 29 (10) . |
| MLA | Xu, Kun et al. "Closed-form design formulas of TMDI for suppressing vortex-induced vibration of bridge structures" . | STRUCTURAL CONTROL & HEALTH MONITORING 29 . 10 (2022) . |
| APA | Xu, Kun , Dai, Qian , Bi, Kaiming , Fang, Genshen , Ge, Yaojun . Closed-form design formulas of TMDI for suppressing vortex-induced vibration of bridge structures . | STRUCTURAL CONTROL & HEALTH MONITORING , 2022 , 29 (10) . |
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Abstract ：
Tropical cyclone (TC) wind is one of the dominant loadings in the design of building structures. The radial distance-dependent vertical profile and prominent jet structure or super gradient of TC winds make the conventional terrain-dependent design profile inadequate for describing TC wind loadings along the height. Herein, a stochastic simulation-based algorithm is developed to determine the design extreme wind speed vertical profile of TC using a quasi-3D TC wind field model. The wind field model is first described and validated by comparing the vertical wind speed profiles with the upper-level dropsonde data and lower-level tower observation results. The evolution of the wind profile during the passage of historical real storms is reproduced by introducing optimal fitting results for the wind field parameters. Ten-thousand-year synthetic tracks are simulated to obtain the design extreme wind speeds for several coastal cities. The design extreme wind speed composite profile and structure height-dependent outer envelope profile (OEP) are proposed, which are applicable to a certain height of interest and buildings with different heights, respectively. These profiles also depend on terrain exposure, return period, and location of the site of interest. The code-suggested profiles are confirmed to underestimate the TC-induced wind loadings along the height, especially at sites with lower roughness lengths. The power law profile is still applicable, but larger power coefficients should be utilized, and the design extreme wind speed at 10 m should be increased with an increase in the structure height. This study provides a forward step towards the rational estimation of TC-induced wind loadings for high-rise structures.
Keyword ：
Tropical cyclone Tropical cyclone Monte Carlo simulation Monte Carlo simulation Wind loading Wind loading Wind vertical profile Wind vertical profile Wind hazard Wind hazard
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| GB/T 7714 | Fang, Genshen , Wei, Miaomiao , Zhao, Lin et al. Site- and building height-dependent design extreme wind speed vertical profile of tropical cyclone [J]. | JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING , 2022 , 62 . |
| MLA | Fang, Genshen et al. "Site- and building height-dependent design extreme wind speed vertical profile of tropical cyclone" . | JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING 62 (2022) . |
| APA | Fang, Genshen , Wei, Miaomiao , Zhao, Lin , Xu, Kun , Cao, Shuyang , Ge, Yaojun . Site- and building height-dependent design extreme wind speed vertical profile of tropical cyclone . | JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING , 2022 , 62 . |
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Abstract ：
Precast columns are widely adopted in Accelerated Bridge Construction (ABC) due to its fast construction speed, environment amity and little interference to existing traffic. The bending behavior of precast columns with grouted sleeve connections under seismic effect has been widely studied. However, studies on the shear behavior of this kind of columns (for example, short columns under seismic effect) are limited, which restricts the application of ABC in seismic regions. This study proposes an approach for evaluating the shear cracking mechanism of sleeve region and the shear strength of precast columns with grouted sleeve connection. In this approach, the sleeve units and concrete units in the sleeve region are established according to the different stiffness between sleeve and concrete, individually. The cracking angle of membrane element of units is solved based on the Modified Compression Field Theory (MCFT). Thus, the crack developing diagram is drawn in light of the cracking range of units. An improved model for computing the shear strength of precast columns with grouted sleeve connection is presented by the predicted cracking method in this paper. A skeleton curve prediction method based on the principal compressive strain in compression zone has also been proposed and verified. In general, the improved MCFT method given in the paper is effective for predicting shear failure of precast bridge columns with sleeve connection.
Keyword ：
Precast bridge column Precast bridge column Grouted sleeve Grouted sleeve Cracking mechanism Cracking mechanism MCFT MCFT Shear strength Shear strength
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| GB/T 7714 | Han, Qiang , Li, Xiaopeng , Xu, Kun et al. Shear strength and cracking mechanism of precast bridge columns with grouted sleeve connections [J]. | ENGINEERING STRUCTURES , 2021 , 230 . |
| MLA | Han, Qiang et al. "Shear strength and cracking mechanism of precast bridge columns with grouted sleeve connections" . | ENGINEERING STRUCTURES 230 (2021) . |
| APA | Han, Qiang , Li, Xiaopeng , Xu, Kun , Lu, Yanqiu , Du, Xiuli , Wang, Zhiqiang . Shear strength and cracking mechanism of precast bridge columns with grouted sleeve connections . | ENGINEERING STRUCTURES , 2021 , 230 . |
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Abstract ：
The capabilities of some commonly used single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) VIV models for bridge decks are examined through wind tunnel experiment. The VIV responses of a sectional deck model at different Scruton numbers are measured. An instantaneous identification method is adopted for obtaining the properties of aeroelastic damping and stiffness of the VIV system. The simulated aeroelastic damping by these models as well as the predicted VIV responses of the deck at different Scruton numbers are compared with experiments. The results indicate that the more accurate the simulated aeroelastic damping by an empirical model, the smaller the prediction errors by this model will be. Through directly fitting the aeroelastic damping, the prediction errors by an empirical model can be further reduced.
Keyword ：
Bridge decks Bridge decks Evaluation Evaluation Wind tunnel test Wind tunnel test Semi-empirical models Semi-empirical models Vortex-induced vibration Vortex-induced vibration
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| GB/T 7714 | Xu, Kun , Ge, Yaojun , Zhao, Lin . Quantitative evaluation of empirical models of vortex-induced vibration of bridge decks through sectional model wind tunnel testing [J]. | ENGINEERING STRUCTURES , 2020 , 219 . |
| MLA | Xu, Kun et al. "Quantitative evaluation of empirical models of vortex-induced vibration of bridge decks through sectional model wind tunnel testing" . | ENGINEERING STRUCTURES 219 (2020) . |
| APA | Xu, Kun , Ge, Yaojun , Zhao, Lin . Quantitative evaluation of empirical models of vortex-induced vibration of bridge decks through sectional model wind tunnel testing . | ENGINEERING STRUCTURES , 2020 , 219 . |
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Abstract ：
Inerter-based dampers (IBDs) have been proposed to enhance the efficiency of conventional tuned mass dampers (TMDs) in controlling wind-induced vibration of civil structures recently. In this paper, four different IBDs, with each featuring a specific combination of dashpot-spring elements in series or in parallel with the inerter device, are applied to control the vortex-induced vibration (VIV) of long-span bridges. The governing equations of the bridge-IBD system under the effect of VIV are established, and the strategy to optimize the IBD parameters is proposed. The performances of different IBDs in terms of mitigating the VIV response of the deck, the stroke of mass block, the static deformation of spring due to gravity, the reaction force of IBDs on the bridge deck, and the robustness of the system (the control efficiency against the deviation of design parameters from their optimal values) are systematically evaluated and compared. Through this comparative study, the superiorities of IBDs to conventional TMDs in bridge VIV control are illustrated, and two feasible layouts of IBDs that are suitable for bridge VIV control are suggested. On the basis of these results, the guideline for VIV-resistance design of long-span bridges with the help of IBDs is also proposed.
Keyword ：
VIV control VIV control comparative study comparative study inerter-based damper inerter-based damper long-span bridges long-span bridges tuned mass damper tuned mass damper
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| GB/T 7714 | Xu, Kun , Bi, Kaiming , Ge, Yaojun et al. Performance evaluation of inerter-based dampers for vortex-induced vibration control of long-span bridges: A comparative study [J]. | STRUCTURAL CONTROL & HEALTH MONITORING , 2020 , 27 (6) . |
| MLA | Xu, Kun et al. "Performance evaluation of inerter-based dampers for vortex-induced vibration control of long-span bridges: A comparative study" . | STRUCTURAL CONTROL & HEALTH MONITORING 27 . 6 (2020) . |
| APA | Xu, Kun , Bi, Kaiming , Ge, Yaojun , Zhao, Lin , Han, Qiang , Du, Xiuli . Performance evaluation of inerter-based dampers for vortex-induced vibration control of long-span bridges: A comparative study . | STRUCTURAL CONTROL & HEALTH MONITORING , 2020 , 27 (6) . |
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