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学者姓名：李小军
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Abstract ：
In earthquake engineering, ground-motion models (GMMs) constitute a research hotspot. They can be utilized for earthquake risk assessment, earthquake zoning maps, and seismic structural design. This paper put forward a hybrid symbolic learning (HSL) method, which combines the symbolic regression (SR) method (Chen et al, 2023) and random effect regression (RER), to construct a robust GMM for predicting peak ground acceleration (PGA), peak ground velocity (PGV), and pseudo-spectral acceleration (PSA) with different periods (0.01 s-4 s). To evaluate the effectiveness of HSL, we compared its predictive capacity and variability with those of the empirical regression models (ERM) and the SR model. The results demonstrate that HSL accurately captures magnitude and distance saturation, anelastic attenuation, and linear site amplification. It also produces comparable results to the ERM and SR models. Calculation of between- and within-event residuals and their standard deviations indicates that the HSL can obtain lower standard deviations than the SR model. As a new version of the symbolic learning method, HSL not only inherits the advantages of concise and interpretable equations as well as flexible parameter expansion of the model that SR possessed. In comparison with SR, HSL achieves lower standard deviations. Furthermore, HSL incorporates random effects regression, which upgrades SR to a partially non-ergodic GMM, i. e. considering the influence of ground motion characteristics on the results beyond the fixed effects component.
Keyword ：
Random effect regression Random effect regression Symbolic learning Symbolic learning Symbolic regression Symbolic regression Ground motion model Ground motion model
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| GB/T 7714 | Liu, Xianwei , Chen, Su , Li, Xiaojun et al. A hybrid symbolic learning approach for Ground-Motion model Development [J]. | JOURNAL OF ASIAN EARTH SCIENCES , 2025 , 281 . |
| MLA | Liu, Xianwei et al. "A hybrid symbolic learning approach for Ground-Motion model Development" . | JOURNAL OF ASIAN EARTH SCIENCES 281 (2025) . |
| APA | Liu, Xianwei , Chen, Su , Li, Xiaojun , Fu, Lei , Cotton, Fabrice . A hybrid symbolic learning approach for Ground-Motion model Development . | JOURNAL OF ASIAN EARTH SCIENCES , 2025 , 281 . |
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Abstract ：
The multi-strip method is often used to establish a demand model for fragility analysis. Using the multi-strip method to scale the ground motion record may cause uncertainty and bias in structural response calculation and fragility assessment. It is necessary to analyze the effect of differences in the amplitude scaling range in different strips on structural seismic response calculation and seismic fragility assessment. In this paper, the multi-strip method was used to analyze the seismic demand bias based on four multi-story reinforced concrete frame structures subjected to eight ground motion record sets. The bias, variance, and coefficient of variation in different strips in each group of ground motion records were obtained. The effect of different strips on the demand bias was investigated by analysis of variance (ANOVA). Uncertainty quantification of structural demand and fragility curves was carried out using the bootstrap sampling method. The results for structures in different ground motion record sets verify that the differences between the demand bias for different strips by amplitude scaling are statistically insignificant for a 95% confidence level. These findings will contribute to the use of scaling methods for ground motion record sets in a probabilistic seismic demand assessment, allowing for a more reliable prediction of structural seismic fragility.
Keyword ：
amplitude scaling amplitude scaling structural seismic fragility structural seismic fragility uncertainty and bias uncertainty and bias ground motion record set ground motion record set strip method strip method
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| GB/T 7714 | Song, Zhuo , Li, Xiaojun , Wang, Yushi et al. Amplitude-Scaling Bias Analysis of Ground Motion Record Set in Strip Method for Structural Seismic Fragility Assessment [J]. | BUILDINGS , 2025 , 15 (3) . |
| MLA | Song, Zhuo et al. "Amplitude-Scaling Bias Analysis of Ground Motion Record Set in Strip Method for Structural Seismic Fragility Assessment" . | BUILDINGS 15 . 3 (2025) . |
| APA | Song, Zhuo , Li, Xiaojun , Wang, Yushi , Zhou, Bochang . Amplitude-Scaling Bias Analysis of Ground Motion Record Set in Strip Method for Structural Seismic Fragility Assessment . | BUILDINGS , 2025 , 15 (3) . |
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Abstract ：
基于对2021年5月21日漾濞MS6.4地震微观震中秀岭村进行的震害调查，利用流动观测地形台阵观测资料，分析了地形效应对地震动特性的影响。结果表明，若地震波垂直山脉走向入射，陡坡会放大地震波的高频部分，且不同高程处，山脉垂向低频差异较大，山脉走向低频差异较小。利用谱衰减法计算高频衰减参数的场地影响项κ0，分析了水平和竖向分量的κ0与场地软弱程度和卓越频率的相关性，其结果表明，在小尺度范围内，水平分量和竖向分量的κ0均具有较强的空间不均匀性。
Keyword ：
地形效应 地形效应 高频衰减参数 高频衰减参数 场地效应 场地效应 震害现象 震害现象
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| GB/T 7714 | 张立宝 , 傅磊 , 周正华 et al. 2021年5月21日漾濞MS6.4地震极震区地形效应对地震动特性的影响 [J]. | 地震学报 , 2024 , 46 (1) : 144-156 . |
| MLA | 张立宝 et al. "2021年5月21日漾濞MS6.4地震极震区地形效应对地震动特性的影响" . | 地震学报 46 . 1 (2024) : 144-156 . |
| APA | 张立宝 , 傅磊 , 周正华 , 林国良 , 陈苏 , 刘爱文 et al. 2021年5月21日漾濞MS6.4地震极震区地形效应对地震动特性的影响 . | 地震学报 , 2024 , 46 (1) , 144-156 . |
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Abstract ：
Soil nonlinear behavior displays noticeable effects on the site seismic response. This study proposes a new functional expression of the skeleton curve to replace the hyperbolic skeleton curve. By integrating shear modulus and combining the dynamic skeleton curve and the damping degradation coefficient, the constitutive equation of the logarithmic dynamic skeleton can be obtained, which considers the damping effect in a soil dynamics problem. Based on the finite difference method and the multi-transmitting boundary condition, a 1D site seismic response analysis program called Soilresp1D has been developed herein and used to analyze the time-domain seismic response in three types of sites. At the same time, this study also provides numerical simulation results based on the hyperbolic constitutive model and the equivalent linear method. The results verify the rationality of the new soil dynamic constitutive model. It can analyze the mucky soil site nonlinear seismic response, reflecting the deformation characteristics and damping effect of the silty soil. The hysteresis loop area is more extensive, and the residual strain is evident.
Keyword ：
seismic response seismic response mucky soil mucky soil logarithmic dynamic skeleton logarithmic dynamic skeleton time-domain dynamic constitutive model time-domain dynamic constitutive model dampening effect dampening effect
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| GB/T 7714 | Dong, Qing , Chen, Su , Jin, Liguo et al. Time-domain dynamic constitutive model suitable for mucky soil site seismic response [J]. | EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING AND ENGINEERING VIBRATION , 2024 , 23 (1) : 1-13 . |
| MLA | Dong, Qing et al. "Time-domain dynamic constitutive model suitable for mucky soil site seismic response" . | EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING AND ENGINEERING VIBRATION 23 . 1 (2024) : 1-13 . |
| APA | Dong, Qing , Chen, Su , Jin, Liguo , Zhou, Zhenghua , Li, Xiaojun . Time-domain dynamic constitutive model suitable for mucky soil site seismic response . | EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING AND ENGINEERING VIBRATION , 2024 , 23 (1) , 1-13 . |
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Abstract ：
In the past decades, considerable attention has been paid to the strongly nonlinear control-structure interaction (CSI) between shaking table array and test structure. Although some encouraging progress have been made, developing accurate system model and conducting in-depth analysis are less successful and still require further research. This work establishes an analytical model of two different shaking tables and test structure. Based on the analytical model, an in-depth study is conducted to investigate the CSI effects under different shaking table conditions. The analysis shows the CSI effects on single shaking table, the coupling between shaking tables, the synchronous and tracking control performance of shaking table array, and the measured frequency of test structure. Compared with previous studies which assume two shaking tables are the same, the new findings are that the influence of the CSI on single shaking table decreases, the synchronization performance of shaking table array is extremely degraded, and the measured frequency is smaller than the real frequency of test structure. More importantly, the previous shaking table test results can be corrected based on this study.
Keyword ：
Different shaking tables Different shaking tables Test structure Test structure Test accuracy Test accuracy Control performance Control performance Control-structure interaction Control-structure interaction
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| GB/T 7714 | Wang, Juke , Li, Xiaojun , Liu, Aiwen et al. Investigation on the nonlinear interaction between electro-hydraulic shaking table array and test structure [J]. | STRUCTURES , 2024 , 68 . |
| MLA | Wang, Juke et al. "Investigation on the nonlinear interaction between electro-hydraulic shaking table array and test structure" . | STRUCTURES 68 (2024) . |
| APA | Wang, Juke , Li, Xiaojun , Liu, Aiwen , Chen, Su , Fu, Lei , Liu, Haoran et al. Investigation on the nonlinear interaction between electro-hydraulic shaking table array and test structure . | STRUCTURES , 2024 , 68 . |
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Abstract ：
A shaking table test of a 1/60 scale cross-fault bridge model considering the effects of soil-bridge interactions was designed and implemented, in which the bridge model was placed in two individual soil boxes to simulate the bridge across a strike-slip fault. Three seismic ground motion time-histories with permanent displacements were selected as input excitations to investigate the influence of seismic ground motions with different frequency characteristics on the seismic response of the testing soil-bridge model. The one-side input method was used to simulate the seismic response of bridges across faults. The seismic responses of the soil and bridge in terms of acceleration, strain, and displacement were analyzed. The test results show that the one-side input method can simulate the seismic response of the main girder displacements well and the displacements and strains of piers and piles of the bridge structure spanning a fault. The strain responses at near-fault pile foundations are much larger than those farther away from the fault. Compared with other bridges, the cross-fault bridge is more prone to torsional and displacement responses during earthquakes. Surface fault rupture can lead to permanent inclination of the bridge piers, which should be paid more attention to in the practical engineering design of the bridges. Soil-bridge interactions can suppress the amplification effect of soil on ground motions. The test results can provide a reference for future research and the design of cross-fault bridges.
Keyword ：
shaking table test shaking table test soil-bridge structure interaction soil-bridge structure interaction seismic response seismic response cross-fault bridge cross-fault bridge
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| GB/T 7714 | Guo, Kunlin , Li, Xiaojun , Wang, Ning et al. Effect of Soil-Bridge Interactions on Seismic Response of a Cross-Fault Bridge: A Shaking Table Test Study [J]. | BUILDINGS , 2024 , 14 (6) . |
| MLA | Guo, Kunlin et al. "Effect of Soil-Bridge Interactions on Seismic Response of a Cross-Fault Bridge: A Shaking Table Test Study" . | BUILDINGS 14 . 6 (2024) . |
| APA | Guo, Kunlin , Li, Xiaojun , Wang, Ning , Wen, Zengping , Wang, Yanbin . Effect of Soil-Bridge Interactions on Seismic Response of a Cross-Fault Bridge: A Shaking Table Test Study . | BUILDINGS , 2024 , 14 (6) . |
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Abstract ：
The study of dynamic responses and operational safety of high-speed trains under seismic excitation has increasingly relied on numerical simulation as the most effective and convenient research approach. The majority of studies only focus on single-car formation, and fewer utilize train models with actual standard formation, inevitably resulting in differences in dynamic characteristics of train models and simulation results. Furthermore, trains also have different standard formations in different countries and operating scenarios. Therefore, the influences of train formation on the dynamic responses and operational safety of trains under seismic action are investigated. Hence, a detailed train/vehicle-track coupled dynamics model was established to simulate trains under non-uniform seismic ground motion. Moreover, due to wheel-rail contact simulation being the key factor constraining simulation efficiency, based on the influence pattern of train formation, whether fewer train formations can achieve the same simulation accuracy as the 8-car standard formation is also explored in this paper considering seismic wave propagation effect. Results indicate that variation in train formation can influence the dynamic responses of a coupled system significantly from both the perspective of wheel-rail interaction and vehicle kinematic responses. Moreover, the 5-car formation model can better meet the accuracy requirement and significantly improve computational efficiency compared to 8-car formation model.
Keyword ：
seismic wave propagation effect seismic wave propagation effect train/vehicle-track coupled dynamics model train/vehicle-track coupled dynamics model numerical simulation numerical simulation train formation train formation wheel-rail interaction wheel-rail interaction
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| GB/T 7714 | Zhong, Kangming , Li, Xiaojun , Zhou, Zhenghua . Impact of Train Formation on the Dynamic Responses and Operational Safety of High-Speed Trains under Non-Uniform Seismic Ground Motion [J]. | SYMMETRY-BASEL , 2024 , 16 (7) . |
| MLA | Zhong, Kangming et al. "Impact of Train Formation on the Dynamic Responses and Operational Safety of High-Speed Trains under Non-Uniform Seismic Ground Motion" . | SYMMETRY-BASEL 16 . 7 (2024) . |
| APA | Zhong, Kangming , Li, Xiaojun , Zhou, Zhenghua . Impact of Train Formation on the Dynamic Responses and Operational Safety of High-Speed Trains under Non-Uniform Seismic Ground Motion . | SYMMETRY-BASEL , 2024 , 16 (7) . |
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Abstract ：
This paper analyzed the strong motion characteristics based on 86 three-component strong motion records of the MW 6.6 Luding earthquake. Additionally, the factors that influence the variation in ground motion for three earthquakes with similar magnitude in Sichuan Province were investigated. The analysis result indicates a strong correlation between the observed ground motion parameters and the distribution of published Modified Mercalli Intensity. The residual analysis reveals that the spectral accelerations at periods 0.1-10.0 s are amplified to 0.0798-0.3057 times the mean level in the rupture forward direction and weakened to 0.0738-0.2831 times the mean level in the rupture backward direction. The maximum pulse direction recorded by the 51LDJ station is N6 degrees E, aligning with the vertical fault direction. The velocity pulses has distinct bidirectional pulses in the waveforms, with a PGV of 37.0 cm/s. The source effect of the strike-slip MW 6.6 Luding and MW 6.5 Jiuzhaigou earthquakes on ground motion is relatively less significant compared to the average level of mainshocks in southwest China. However, the thrust-fault MW 6.7 Lushan earthquake exhibits a stronger source effect on ground motion during short and medium periods, but a weaker source effect during long periods when compared to the average level. The anelastic attenuation of the Longmenshan, Xianshuihe, and Huya fault zones in Sichuan exhibits significant regional variation and periodic correlation. This phenomenon is closely linked to the regional tectonic background variations and the heterogeneity of crustal structure within the area.
Keyword ：
M-W 6.6 Luding earthquake M-W 6.6 Luding earthquake Regional variability Regional variability GMPE GMPE Strong motion characteristics Strong motion characteristics Directivity effect Directivity effect
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| GB/T 7714 | Zhang, Bin , Li, Xiaojun , Yu, Yanxiang et al. Strong ground motion characteristics of the 2022 MW 6.6 Luding earthquake and regional variability in ground motion among three earthquake areas in Sichuan, Southwest China [J]. | BULLETIN OF EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING , 2024 , 22 (9) : 4335-4355 . |
| MLA | Zhang, Bin et al. "Strong ground motion characteristics of the 2022 MW 6.6 Luding earthquake and regional variability in ground motion among three earthquake areas in Sichuan, Southwest China" . | BULLETIN OF EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING 22 . 9 (2024) : 4335-4355 . |
| APA | Zhang, Bin , Li, Xiaojun , Yu, Yanxiang , Lu, Xiaojian , Rong, Mianshui , Chen, Su et al. Strong ground motion characteristics of the 2022 MW 6.6 Luding earthquake and regional variability in ground motion among three earthquake areas in Sichuan, Southwest China . | BULLETIN OF EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING , 2024 , 22 (9) , 4335-4355 . |
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Abstract ：
In the realm of earthquake engineering, response spectra play a crucial role in characterizing the effects of site dynamic characteristics under seismic activity. Consequently, accurately predicting seismic response spectra is of paramount importance. We have developed a physics-guided bidirectional long short-term memory neural network model (Phy-BiLSTM) that is proficient in predicting site seismic response based on bedrock records. The core principle of the Phy-BiLSTM is to improve the alignment between the solution space and the ground truth by integrating physics knowledge obtained from the physical model. The model introduced in this study utilized the 5%-damped response spectra, which were derived from strong ground motion records collected at the KiK-net downhole array. The results substantiate the performance enhancement of Phy-BiLSTM in comparison to the data-driven BiLSTM model. Furthermore, we conduct a comparative analysis of the Phy-BiLSTM model against traditional methods (EQ, SBSR) as well as other neural network architectures (CNN and LSTM). The result highlights the advantages of Phy-BiLSTM in accurately predicting the site seismic response.
Keyword ：
data-physical fusion deep learning data-physical fusion deep learning neural network neural network physics-guide physics-guide site seismic response site seismic response
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| GB/T 7714 | Chen, Su , Hu, Xiaohu , Jiang, Weiping et al. Data-Physical Fusion Deep Learning for Site Seismic Response Using KiK-Net Records [J]. | EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING & STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS , 2024 , 54 (3) : 993-1008 . |
| MLA | Chen, Su et al. "Data-Physical Fusion Deep Learning for Site Seismic Response Using KiK-Net Records" . | EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING & STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS 54 . 3 (2024) : 993-1008 . |
| APA | Chen, Su , Hu, Xiaohu , Jiang, Weiping , Wang, Suyang , Chen, Xingye , Li, Xiaojun . Data-Physical Fusion Deep Learning for Site Seismic Response Using KiK-Net Records . | EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING & STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS , 2024 , 54 (3) , 993-1008 . |
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Abstract ：
The diffuse field theory can comprehensively consider the contributions of various types of wave fields in ambient noise. The noise horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (NHV) based on diffuse field theory links surface observation with an intrinsic property of the underground medium. Naturally, it allows for the inversion of the velocity structure of soil layers. There is an urgent need to develop fast and effective NHV inversion tools to estimate velocity structure for soil layers. Combining the genetic-simulated annealing algorithm and forward calculation of NHV based on diffuse field theory, we proposed a global inversion method to determine the velocity structure of soil layers. The sensitivity analysis of the model parameters shows that the Vp, Vs and h of the soil layer and the Vs of the rock layer are the main affecting factors of NHV, the influence of the density of soil and rock layers on NHV can be ignored. Through the verification of synthetic cases, the observation of the Xiangtang vertical array, and comparison with a similar method, we have proved that good inversion results can be obtained using our proposed method. This proposed method can offer an efficient and low-cost way to estimate site velocity structures.
Keyword ：
Noise horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (NHV) Noise horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (NHV) Inversion Inversion Velocity structure Velocity structure Soil layers Soil layers Ambient noise Ambient noise
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| GB/T 7714 | Rong MianShui , Wang JiXin , Li XiaoJun et al. Inversion method for velocity structure of soil layers by ambient noise and its application [J]. | CHINESE JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICS-CHINESE EDITION , 2023 , 66 (2) : 530-545 . |
| MLA | Rong MianShui et al. "Inversion method for velocity structure of soil layers by ambient noise and its application" . | CHINESE JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICS-CHINESE EDITION 66 . 2 (2023) : 530-545 . |
| APA | Rong MianShui , Wang JiXin , Li XiaoJun , Liu AoYi , Kong XiaoShan , Li Hang . Inversion method for velocity structure of soil layers by ambient noise and its application . | CHINESE JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICS-CHINESE EDITION , 2023 , 66 (2) , 530-545 . |
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