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学者姓名：王波
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Abstract ：
The response of tungsten (W) to thermal shock loading, as the best candidate for plasma-facing material (PFM), is an important issue in the research of future fusion devices. Under thermal loading, thermal irradiation damage, including brittle cracking and fatigue cracking, occurs on the surface of tungsten based plasma-facing material (W-PFM). In this work, a new scheme to suppress the thermal irradiation damage to WPFM, i.e. the laminated structure W-PFM scheme, is proposed. Thermal fatigue experiments of laminated structure W composed of W foils with different thickness and heat treatment processes are carried out by using an electron beam device. The samples are subjected to thermal pulses with a power density of 48 MW/m2 for 5000 cycles. The results indicate that the crack damage to the surface of the laminated structure W decreases with the decrease of the thickness of W foils under the same heat treatment conditions. The main cracks are produced on the surface of laminated structure W after cyclic thermal loads have been all approximately parallel to the foil thickness direction. Only the main cracks appear on the surfaces of W foils with a smaller thickness, while crack networks develop on the surfaces of W foils with a larger thickness, in addition to the main cracks with a larger width. In the rolled state, the laminated structure W has the lowest degree of surface plastic deformation for the same thickness. The thermal fatigue crack damage to the surface is quantitatively analyzed by using computer image processing software and analysis software, and scanning electron microscope images of the thermal damage area are finally selected. It is found that the de-stressed state W has the smallest crack area and the smallest number of cracks for the same thickness, indicating that the de-stressed state W has the strongest resistance to irradiation damage. The experimental results also show that in addition to the effect of microstructure, both the uniaxial stress state and the crack-blocking mechanism of the laminated structured W-PFM contribute to the improvement of its thermal fatigue performance. [GRAPHICS] .
Keyword ：
fusion fusion thermal fatigue thermal fatigue plasma facing material plasma facing material tungsten tungsten
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| GB/T 7714 | Qi Chao , Ma Yu-Tian , Qi Yan-Fei et al. Influence of microstructure on thermal fatigue effect of laminated tungsten based plasma-facing material [J]. | ACTA PHYSICA SINICA , 2024 , 73 (11) . |
| MLA | Qi Chao et al. "Influence of microstructure on thermal fatigue effect of laminated tungsten based plasma-facing material" . | ACTA PHYSICA SINICA 73 . 11 (2024) . |
| APA | Qi Chao , Ma Yu-Tian , Qi Yan-Fei , Xiao Shan-Qu , Wang Bo . Influence of microstructure on thermal fatigue effect of laminated tungsten based plasma-facing material . | ACTA PHYSICA SINICA , 2024 , 73 (11) . |
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Abstract ：
As the prime candidate for plasma-facing materials (PFM), the response of tungsten (W) to thermal shock loads is an important research topic for future fusion devices. Under heat loads, the surface of tungsten plasma-facing materials (W-PFM) can experience thermal damage, including brittle cracking and fatigue cracks. Therefore, exploring solutions for thermal damage of W-PFM remains one of the current research focuses. We propose a novel approach to mitigate thermal radiation damage in PFM, namely, the stacked structure W-PFM. The surface thermal stress distribution of the stacked structure W-PFM under heat loads was simulated and analyzed by the finite element method. As the foil thickness decreases, both the peak thermal stresses in the normal direction (ND) and rolling direction (RD) decrease. When the thickness decreases to a certain value, the peak thermal stress in the RD decreases to about 1384 MPa and no longer decreases; while the peak thermal stress in the ND approaches 0 MPa and can be neglected. In the range of approximately 5-100 mm, the accumulated equivalent plastic strain decreases sharply as the thickness decreases; in other thickness ranges, it decreases slowly. Thermal fatigue experiments were conducted on the stacked structure W composed of W foils with different thicknesses and bulk W using an electron beam facility. The samples were applied with a power density of 30 MW/m2 for 10,000 and 20,000 pulses. The cracks on the surface of the stacked structure W extended along the ND direction, while on the surface of bulk W, besides the main crack in the ND direction, a crack network also formed. The experimental results were consistent with finite element simulations. When the pulse number was 10,000, as the thickness of the W foil decreased, the number and width of the cracks on the surface of the stacked structure W decreased. Only four small cracks were present on the surface of stacked structure W (0.05 mm). When the pulse number increased to 20,000, the plastic deformation and number of cracks on the surface of all samples increased. However, the stacked structure W (0.05 mm) only added one small crack and had the smallest surface roughness (Ra = 1.536 mu m). Quantitative analysis of the fatigue cracks showed that the stacked structure W-PFM (0.05 mm) exhibited superior thermal fatigue performance.
Keyword ：
thermal fatigue thermal fatigue fusion fusion irradiation effect irradiation effect plasma facing materials plasma facing materials tungsten tungsten
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| GB/T 7714 | Qi, Chao , Qi, Yanfei , Song, Hanfeng et al. Finite Element Analysis and Experimental Verification of Thermal Fatigue of W-PFM with Stacked Structure [J]. | METALS , 2024 , 14 (5) . |
| MLA | Qi, Chao et al. "Finite Element Analysis and Experimental Verification of Thermal Fatigue of W-PFM with Stacked Structure" . | METALS 14 . 5 (2024) . |
| APA | Qi, Chao , Qi, Yanfei , Song, Hanfeng , Wang, Xiao , Xiao, Shanqu , Wang, Bo . Finite Element Analysis and Experimental Verification of Thermal Fatigue of W-PFM with Stacked Structure . | METALS , 2024 , 14 (5) . |
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Abstract ：
In experiments, printing paper is imprinted with three different ink micropatterns (square, grid, and stripe). The wetting contact angle of water droplets on a heterogeneous surface is then investigated using a proportionate scaling molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, where the water droplets and the ink-patterned printing paper are both shrunk by a factor of 200 000 collectively. The errors from the theoretical values are always less than 1 degrees, which is much less than the bias of experimental measurement data, according to the modeling contact angles. It has been demonstrated that this proportionate scaling approach works well to appropriately explain the interaction between micro-/nanostructures and liquids. With a scaling down factor of 200 000, a proportional scaling molecular dynamics (MD) simulation is used to explore the wetting contact angle. All deviations of the MD modeling contact angles are less than 1 degrees.
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| GB/T 7714 | Wang, Xiao , Chen, Lijun , Zhang, Chunlai et al. Proportional scaling molecular dynamics simulations of the wetting experiments of water droplets on ink-patterned printing paper [J]. | RSC ADVANCES , 2023 , 13 (47) : 32852-32857 . |
| MLA | Wang, Xiao et al. "Proportional scaling molecular dynamics simulations of the wetting experiments of water droplets on ink-patterned printing paper" . | RSC ADVANCES 13 . 47 (2023) : 32852-32857 . |
| APA | Wang, Xiao , Chen, Lijun , Zhang, Chunlai , Zhang, Xiping , Wu, Yintao , Wang, Bo . Proportional scaling molecular dynamics simulations of the wetting experiments of water droplets on ink-patterned printing paper . | RSC ADVANCES , 2023 , 13 (47) , 32852-32857 . |
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Abstract ：
In present paper, a novel flowable tritium breeder is prepared by mixing the Li2TiO3 micro-powders and liquid GaInSn alloy, where GaInSn alloy is used to simulate the fluid behaviors of lithium-based liquid tritium breeder, forming a type of composite characterized by liquid-solid dual phase. In detail, the effects of the volume fraction of ceramic micro-powders on viscosity and conductivity of the composite in magnetic field are the focus. The XRD results prove that the obtained Li2TiO3 micro-powders contained Li2TiO3 phase without impurities. The results shows that once the magnetic field intensity exceeds the critical value, the viscosity of liquid GaInSn metal becomes significantly greater than that of liquid-solid dual-phase composites. Furthermore, the addition of Li2TiO3 micro-powders could effectively reduce the magneto hydro dynamic (MHD) fluid effect, and the dual-phase composites exhibit comparatively lower flow resistance under the strong magnetic field. Moreover, the conductivity of the tritium breeder composites decreases rapidly with the addition of Li2TiO3 micro-powders. The MHD pressure-drop-increasing rate decreases with the increase of viscosity, which indicates that the addition of Li2TiO3 micro-powders effectively reduces the MHD effect. The conductivity of the composites increased slightly and then remained stable after static placing for several tens of minutes. The present investigation provides a novel insight into the fabrication strategy of tritium breeder materials with low MHD effect.
Keyword ：
liquid lithium liquid lithium Li2TiO3 Li2TiO3 viscosity viscosity liquid tritium breeder liquid tritium breeder MHD effect MHD effect
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| GB/T 7714 | Xu, Kun , Qi, Yanfei , Wang, Bo . An Innovative Approach to Prepare Liquid-Solid Dual-Phase Flowable Tritium Breeder with Low MHD Effect [J]. | MATERIALS , 2023 , 16 (1) . |
| MLA | Xu, Kun et al. "An Innovative Approach to Prepare Liquid-Solid Dual-Phase Flowable Tritium Breeder with Low MHD Effect" . | MATERIALS 16 . 1 (2023) . |
| APA | Xu, Kun , Qi, Yanfei , Wang, Bo . An Innovative Approach to Prepare Liquid-Solid Dual-Phase Flowable Tritium Breeder with Low MHD Effect . | MATERIALS , 2023 , 16 (1) . |
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Abstract ：
利用液态金属GaInSn合金实验模拟锂基液态氚增殖剂的流体行为，与模拟液态弥散绝缘相的淬火油复合，形成流态氚增殖材料。制备出了一种低电导率特征的金属流体，液态金属GaInSn合金和液态弥散绝缘相淬火油混合成新型流体。研究了磁场、混合比例、温度对其粘度的影响规律，测试了流体的电导率随加入态弥散绝缘相淬火油的变化。结果表明：当磁感应强度超过一定数值后，全液态金属的粘度显著大于添加淬火油复合材料的粘度，说明添加淬火油能有效降低磁流体效应，并且在强磁场下，淬火油复合材料将具有更低的流动阻力；电导率随淬火油的增加近似呈现指数型下降；流态氚增殖剂电导率在静置一段时间后会突然增大，随后在新的电导率水平再次趋于稳定。如果将其重新超声搅拌，则可再次恢复到最初的电导率，这说明实际应用时可循环使用。
Keyword ：
液态金属 液态金属 磁流体 磁流体 电导率 电导率 绝缘相 绝缘相 弥散 弥散
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| GB/T 7714 | 徐坤 , 张丽霞 , 李俊格 et al. 低MHD效应的双液相混合流态氚增殖剂研究 [J]. | 稀有金属材料与工程 , 2023 , 52 (12) : 4164-4170 . |
| MLA | 徐坤 et al. "低MHD效应的双液相混合流态氚增殖剂研究" . | 稀有金属材料与工程 52 . 12 (2023) : 4164-4170 . |
| APA | 徐坤 , 张丽霞 , 李俊格 , 王波 . 低MHD效应的双液相混合流态氚增殖剂研究 . | 稀有金属材料与工程 , 2023 , 52 (12) , 4164-4170 . |
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Abstract ：
提出了一种性能可调的宽带、极化与入射角不敏感的超材料太赫兹吸收器，该吸收器自上而下分为四层结构，分别是：硅半椭球/半球体复合结构、连续石墨烯层、PDMS介质层和金属背板。通过在TE波垂直入射条件下仿真，在已知结果基础上，对不同石墨烯化学势和不同结构条件下的电场结果分析表明，在硅半椭球/半球体亚波长复合结构所形成的连续、多模法布里-珀罗共振，以及由石墨烯所激发的多个离散的等离子体共振的协同作用下，其吸收光谱得到平滑和扩展，使该结构可实现吸收率宽范围可调，以及接近100%吸收率的宽频带吸收特性。特别的，当石墨烯化学势分别为0.2与0.9 eV时，其分别可获得约5.7 THz与7 THz的宽带太赫兹...
Keyword ：
化学势 化学势 硅半球层 硅半球层 宽带 宽带 太赫兹 太赫兹
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| GB/T 7714 | 孟宪睿 , 张铭 , 席宇鹏 et al. 复合石墨烯/硅半球的宽带太赫兹超材料吸收器 [J]. | 红外与激光工程 , 2022 , 51 (06) : 291-297 . |
| MLA | 孟宪睿 et al. "复合石墨烯/硅半球的宽带太赫兹超材料吸收器" . | 红外与激光工程 51 . 06 (2022) : 291-297 . |
| APA | 孟宪睿 , 张铭 , 席宇鹏 , 王如志 , 王长昊 , 王波 . 复合石墨烯/硅半球的宽带太赫兹超材料吸收器 . | 红外与激光工程 , 2022 , 51 (06) , 291-297 . |
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Abstract ：
面向等离子体材料作为聚变等离子体和核反应堆结构之间的主要界面,遭受恶劣的辐照条件,为了提升对面向等离子体材料的改进研究,实验室模拟聚变环境装置.基于已搭建完成的用于研究聚变反应堆中等离子体-材料相互作用的电子回旋共振(electron cyclotron resonance,ECR)直线等离子体装置,使用有限元方法计算模拟了腔室内励磁线圈与永磁体叠加磁场的分布情况以及在此背景磁场下带电粒子在磁场中的运动轨迹.结果表明:磁场模拟结果与实验数据较为符合,共振面位置随线圈电流的增大而远离微波窗口.带电粒子轨迹模拟结果与实验中近似梨形等离子体束的分布一致,且到达样品台的束流密度随着励磁线圈电流的增大而增大.该研究可为ECR直线等离子体装置的进一步优化提供参考.
Keyword ：
微波 微波 等离子体 等离子体 磁场 磁场 电子回旋共振(ECR) 电子回旋共振(ECR) 束流密度 束流密度 离子 离子
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| GB/T 7714 | 王波 , 张根 , 张文杰 et al. ECR辐照装置中的离子束流分布模拟 [J]. | 北京工业大学学报 , 2022 , 48 (12) : 1272-1279 . |
| MLA | 王波 et al. "ECR辐照装置中的离子束流分布模拟" . | 北京工业大学学报 48 . 12 (2022) : 1272-1279 . |
| APA | 王波 , 张根 , 张文杰 , 祁超 , 严辉 . ECR辐照装置中的离子束流分布模拟 . | 北京工业大学学报 , 2022 , 48 (12) , 1272-1279 . |
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Abstract ：
Superhydrophobic surfaces have been widely employed in both fundamental research and industrial applications because of their self-cleaning, waterproof, and low-adhesion qualities. Maintaining the stability of the superhydrophobic state and avoiding water infiltration into the microstructure are the basis for realizing these characteristics, while the size, shape, and distribution of the heterogeneous microstructures affect both the static contact angle and the wetting transition mechanism. Here, we review various classical models of wettability, as well as the advanced models for the corrected static contact angle for heterogeneous surfaces, including the general roughness description, fractal theory description, re-entrant geometry description, and contact line description. Subsequently, we emphasize various wetting transition mechanisms on heterogeneous surfaces. The advanced testing strategies to investigate the wetting transition behavior will also be analyzed. In the end, future research priorities on the wetting transition mechanisms of heterogeneous surfaces are highlighted.
Keyword ：
superhydrophobic superhydrophobic contact angle contact angle microstructures microstructures wetting transition wetting transition
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| GB/T 7714 | Wang, Xiao , Fu, Cheng , Zhang, Chunlai et al. A Comprehensive Review of Wetting Transition Mechanism on the Surfaces of Microstructures from Theory and Testing Methods [J]. | MATERIALS , 2022 , 15 (14) . |
| MLA | Wang, Xiao et al. "A Comprehensive Review of Wetting Transition Mechanism on the Surfaces of Microstructures from Theory and Testing Methods" . | MATERIALS 15 . 14 (2022) . |
| APA | Wang, Xiao , Fu, Cheng , Zhang, Chunlai , Qiu, Zhengyao , Wang, Bo . A Comprehensive Review of Wetting Transition Mechanism on the Surfaces of Microstructures from Theory and Testing Methods . | MATERIALS , 2022 , 15 (14) . |
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Abstract ：
Refractory high entropy alloys have broad application prospects due to their excellent comprehensive properties in high temperature environments, and they have been widely implemented in many complex working conditions. According to the latest research reports, the preparation technology of bulk and coating refractory high entropy alloys are summarized, and the advantages and disadvantages of each preparation technology are analyzed. In addition, the properties of refractory high entropy alloys, such as mechanical properties, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance, and radiation resistance are reviewed. The existing scientific problems of refractory high entropy alloys, at present, are put forward, which provide reference for the development and application of refractory high entropy alloys in the future, especially for plasma-facing materials in nuclear fusion reactors.
Keyword ：
refractory high entropy alloys refractory high entropy alloys properties properties radiation resistance radiation resistance preparation technology preparation technology
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| GB/T 7714 | Ren, Xiqiang , Li, Yungang , Qi, Yanfei et al. Review on Preparation Technology and Properties of Refractory High Entropy Alloys [J]. | MATERIALS , 2022 , 15 (8) . |
| MLA | Ren, Xiqiang et al. "Review on Preparation Technology and Properties of Refractory High Entropy Alloys" . | MATERIALS 15 . 8 (2022) . |
| APA | Ren, Xiqiang , Li, Yungang , Qi, Yanfei , Wang, Bo . Review on Preparation Technology and Properties of Refractory High Entropy Alloys . | MATERIALS , 2022 , 15 (8) . |
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Abstract ：
Tungsten is considered as the foremost candidate material for the plasma facing material (PFM) in future fusion device, and excellent high temperature oxidation resistance is the important safety criterion to prevent radioactive pollution in case of a Loss-of-Coolant-Accident (LOCA) with simultaneous air ingress. Recently, high entropy alloys were found to have prominent high temperature oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance. The present paper focuses on the high temperature oxidation resistance of tungsten based high entropy alloy, and their structures and corrosion resistances are also studied. In this study, thin films of W, WTa, WTaCr, WTaCrV, WTaCrVAl, WTaCrVAlTi and WTaCrVAlTiZr were prepared via the magnetron sputtering method with a kind of composed target consisting of fan-shapes. The results show that as the number of selected elements increases, the entropy increases, the disorder of film structure increases significantly resulting in the formation of amorphous structure, and the corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance of the alloys also improve greatly. The further analysis and experiments proved that: one important reason for the improving of corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance is that the increase of mixing entropy reduces the Gibbs free energy of alloys and makes them more chemically stable; another reason is that the elements of Cr, Al, Ti and Zr can promote the formation of dense oxide passive layer.
Keyword ：
Oxidation kinetics Oxidation kinetics Corrosion behavior Corrosion behavior Microstructure Microstructure Tungsten alloys Tungsten alloys High entropy alloy High entropy alloy
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| GB/T 7714 | Zhang, Wenjie , Qi, Yanfei , Zhang, Lixia et al. The effect of alloy elements on corrosion and oxidative resistance of W-based alloy films [J]. | SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY , 2022 , 434 . |
| MLA | Zhang, Wenjie et al. "The effect of alloy elements on corrosion and oxidative resistance of W-based alloy films" . | SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY 434 (2022) . |
| APA | Zhang, Wenjie , Qi, Yanfei , Zhang, Lixia , Tang, Yunhui , Qi, Chao , Shen, Qi et al. The effect of alloy elements on corrosion and oxidative resistance of W-based alloy films . | SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY , 2022 , 434 . |
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