A　new　oleanane-type　triterpene,　ardisiapunine　A　(1),　together　with　eight　known　compounds　were　isolated　from　the　roots　of　Ardisia　lindleyana　D.Dietr.　Their　chemical　structures　were　determined　by　means　of　spectroscopic　methods　including　HR-ESI-MS　and　(1　D,　2　D)　NMR　data.　The　absolute　configuration　of　compound　1　was　established　by　a　single-crystal　X-ray　diffraction　experiment.　The　new　compound　is　an　unusual　oleanane-type　triterpene　bearing　an　acetal　and　a　C-13-C-18　double　bond.　The　cytotoxicity　of　all　isolated　compounds　were　evaluated　using　four　human　cancer　cell　lines,　including　A549,　HepG2,　HeLa　and　U87.　The　new　compound　1　and　compound　2　were　weakly　active　but　the　known　compound　6　exhibited　a　high　cytotoxicity　compared　to　cisplatin.