Background　and　objective:　Distraction　osteogenesis　(DO),　a　bone　lengthening　technique,　is　widely　employed　to　treat　congenital　and　acquired　limb　length　discrepancies　and　large　segmental　bone　defects.　However,　a　major　issue　of　DO　is　the　prolonged　consolidation　phase　(10-36　months)　during　which　patients　must　wear　a　cumbersome　external　fixator.　Attempts　have　been　made　to　accelerate　the　healing　process　of　DO　by　an　alternating　distraction　and　compression　mode　(so-called　＂accordion＂　technique　or　AT).　However,　it　remains　unclear　how　varied　AT　parameters　affect　DO　outcomes　and　what　the　most　effective　AT　mode　is.　Methods:　Based　on　an　experimentally-verified　mechanobiological　model,　we　performed　a　parametric　analysis　via　in　silico　simulation　of　the　bone　regeneration　process　of　DO　under　different　AT　modes,　including　combinations　of　varied　application　times　(AT　began　at　week　1-8　of　the　consolidation　phase),　durations　(AT　was　used　continuously　for　1　week,　2　weeks　or　4　weeks)　and　rates　(distraction　or　compression　at　0.25,　0.5,　0.75,　and　1　mm/12　h).　The　control　group　had　no　AT　applied　during　the　consolidation　phase.　Results:　Compared　with　the　control　group　(no　AT),　AT　applied　at　an　early　consolidation　stage　(e.g.　week　1　of　the　consolidation　phase)　significantly　enhanced　bone　formation　and　reduced　the　overall　healing　time.　However,　the　effect　of　AT　on　bone　healing　was　dependent　on　its　duration　and　rate.　Specifically,　a　moderate　rate　of　AT　(e.g.　0.5　mm/12　h)　lasting　for　two　weeks　promoted　blood　perfusion　recovery　and　bone　regeneration,　ultimately　shortening　the　healing　time.　Conversely,　over-high　rates　(e.g.　1　mm/12　h)　and　longer　durations　(e.g.　4　weeks)　of　AT　adversely　affected　bone　regeneration　and　blood　perfusion　recovery,　thereby　delaying　bone　bridging.　Conclusions:　These　results　suggest　that　the　therapeutic　effects　of　AT　on　DO　are　highly　dependent　of　the　AT　parameters　of　choice.　Under　appropriate　durations　and　rates,　the　AT　applied　at　an　early　consolidation　phase　is　beneficial　for　blood　recovery　and　bone　regeneration.　These　results　may　provide　a　basis　for　selecting　effective　AT　modes　to　accelerate　consolidation　and　reduce　the　overall　treatment　period　of　DO.　(c)　2022　Elsevier　B.V.　All　rights　reserved.