The　establishment　of　nature　reserves　is　an　important　measure　to　protect　the　wild　population　of　Chinese　alligators.　Due　to　the　overlap　of　nature　reserves　and　human　living　areas,　there　is　a　certain　conflict　between　economic　development　and　ecological　protection.　How　to　formulate　a　feasible　eco-compensation　scheme　and　accurately　analyze　the　influencing　factors　of　eco-compensation　willingness　is　of　great　significance　to　alleviate　the　contradiction　between　local　residents　and　Chinese　alligators.　In　this　study,　the　contingent　valuation　method　(CVM)　was　used　to　measure　and　analyze　the　residents＇　willingness　to　accept　(WTA)　at　National　Chinese　Alligator　Nature　Reserve　(NCANR)　located　in　Anhui　province,　China.　Furthermore,　decision　tree　modeling　and　logistic　regression　were　used　to　analyze　the　influencing　factors　of　residents＇　WTA　in　NCANR,　which　provides　a　new　insight　to　the　influencing　factors　of　eco-compensation.　The　results　indicate　that:　(1)　93%　of　the　residents　living　in　NCANR　have　a　WTA　compensation,　and　the　amount　of　WTA　is　CNY　25,542　(USD　3659.36)　per　household　per　year;　and　(2)　individual　characteristics,　ecological　protection　cognition　and　external　impact　affect　the　WTA,　and　external　impact　on　local　residents　is　the　most　important　factor　affecting　WTA.　Therefore,　it　is　necessary　to　make　differential　compensation　to　ensure　the　fairness　of　eco-compensation.　In　addition,　the　propaganda　of　eco-compensation　should　be　strengthened,　and　the　boundary　of　NCANR　needs　to　be　further　clarified.　The　sources　of　funds　for　eco-compensation　are　supposed　to　be　broadened,　and　poverty　alleviation　can　be　combined　with　eco-compensation　policies.