With　the　continuous　abatement　of　industries　and　vehicles　in　the　past　years　in　China,　the　comprehensive　understanding　and　scientific　control　of　non-road　construction　equipment　(NRCE)　may　play　an　important　role　in　alleviating　PM2.5　and　O3　pollution　in　the　next　stage.　In　this　study,　the　emission　rates　of　CO,　HC,　NOx,　PM2.5,　CO2　and　the　component　profiles　of　HC　and　PM2.5　from　3　loaders,　8　excavators　and　4　forklifts　under　different　operating　conditions　were　tested　for　a　systematic　representation　of　NRCE　emission　characteristics.　With　the　fusion　of　field　tests,　construction　land　types　and　population　distributions,　the　NRCE　emission　inventory　with　a　0.1°　×　0.1°　resolution　in　nationwide　and　with　a　0.01°　×　0.01°　resolution　in　Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei　region　(BTH)　were　established.　The　sample　testing　results　suggested　prominent　differences　in　instantaneous　emission　rates　and　the　composition　characteristics　among　different　equipment　and　under　different　operating　modes.　Generally,　for　NRCE,　the　dominant　components　are　OC　and　EC　for　PM2.5,　and　HC　and　olefin　for　OVOC.　Especially,　the　proportion　of　olefins　in　idling　mode　is　much　higher　than　that　in　working　mode.　The　measurement-based　emission　factors　of　various　equipment　exceeded　the　Stage　III　standard　to　varying　degrees.　The　high-resolution　emission　inventory　suggested　that　highly　developed　central　and　eastern　areas,　represented　by　BTH,　showed　the　most　prominent　emissions　in　China.　This　study　is　a　systematic　representations　of　China＇s　NRCE　emissions,　and　the　NRCE　emission　inventory　establishment　method　with　multiple　data　fusion　has　important　methodological　reference　value　for　other　emission　sources.　©　2023　Elsevier　B.V.