• Complex
  • Title
  • Keyword
  • Abstract
  • Scholars
  • Journal
  • ISSN
  • Conference
搜索

Author:

Waszczyłko-Miłkowska, B. (Waszczyłko-Miłkowska, B..) | Bernat, K. (Bernat, K..) | Szczepański, K. (Szczepański, K..)

Indexed by:

Scopus

Abstract:

Plastic packaging waste (PPW) can be considered as solid waste with harmful effects on the environment or as a material with recycling potential in terms of sustainable development in a circular economy. Knowing the amount of PPW generated is very important as it is related to the availability of this material for recycling and determines the actual recycling rate (denominator of a fraction). PPW is very heterogeneous and contains a certain number of impurities (e.g., product residues, direct printing, glue, labels, plastic sleeves, cap, etc.). According to EU law, an annual report (for the data in 2021) on the masses of both the PPW actually recycled (PPWR) (“targeted materials”) and impurities (“non-targeted materials”) must be prepared and submitted to the European Commission. The PPWR is used for the calculation of the recycling rate (the numerator in a fraction). The impurities should be considered for the calculation of own resources (national contributions to the general EU budget based on the uniform call rate of 0.80/kg of non-recycled PPW). To date, the Council of the EU has not proposed a method for calculating these amounts, so they have only been estimated. The present study (the first of its kind in Poland) aimed to estimate the number of impurities in PPW and the actual amount of PPWR at the calculation point using a method accepted by the EU. In the installations, PPW (plastic packaging (15 01 02), multi-material packaging (15 01 05) and mixed packaging waste (15 01 06)) is recycled together with other plastic waste (plastic (16 01 19), plastic (17 02 03), plastic and rubber (19 12 04), and plastics (20 01 39)). It was assumed that the proportions of the mass of individual types of PPW in the total mass of plastic waste processed in the installation were proportional to the mass of impurities in these individual types of PPW. It was found that the average percentage of impurities in PPW was 4.40–6.90%, which seems to be relatively low. However, this means that, when calculating the PPWR, the mass of impurities should be subtracted from the mass of PPW entering the recycling process. As a result, the mass of PPWR at the calculation point in 2021 in Poland was almost 30,000 tonnes lower than the original mass entering the installation. Thus, applying the uniform call rate to the weight of impurities in the PPW increases Poland’s own resources by approx. 24 million euros. © 2024 by the authors.

Keyword:

sustainable management of plastic packaging waste calculation point recycling impurities own resources uniform call rate

Author Community:

  • [ 1 ] [Waszczyłko-Miłkowska B.]Institute of Environmental Protection—National Research Institute, Warsaw, 02-170, Poland
  • [ 2 ] [Bernat K.]Beijing Key Laboratory of Traffic Engineering, College of Metropolitan Transportation, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Pingleyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100124, China
  • [ 3 ] [Szczepański K.]Institute of Environmental Protection—National Research Institute, Warsaw, 02-170, Poland

Reprint Author's Address:

Email:

Show more details

Related Keywords:

Source :

Sustainability (Switzerland)

ISSN: 2071-1050

Year: 2024

Issue: 14

Volume: 16

3 . 9 0 0

JCR@2022

Cited Count:

WoS CC Cited Count:

SCOPUS Cited Count: 1

ESI Highly Cited Papers on the List: 0 Unfold All

WanFang Cited Count:

Chinese Cited Count:

30 Days PV: 6

Affiliated Colleges:

Online/Total:807/10609115
Address:BJUT Library(100 Pingleyuan,Chaoyang District,Beijing 100124, China Post Code:100124) Contact Us:010-67392185
Copyright:BJUT Library Technical Support:Beijing Aegean Software Co., Ltd.