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Author:

Wang, Xueman (Wang, Xueman.) | Wang, Yipeng (Wang, Yipeng.) | Lai, Yingxu (Lai, Yingxu.) (Scholars:赖英旭) | Hao, Zhiyu (Hao, Zhiyu.) | Liu, Alex X. (Liu, Alex X..)

Indexed by:

EI Scopus SCIE

Abstract:

The widespread use of modern network communications necessitates effective resource control and management in TCP/IP networks. However, most existing network traffic classification methods are limited to labeled known classes and struggle to handle open-set scenarios, where known classes coexist with significant volumes of unknown classes of traffic. To solve this problem more accurately and reliably, we propose RoNeTC. This method achieves high-precision classification by enhancing feature extraction and quantifying the reliability of classification decisions through uncertainty estimation. For feature extraction, we divide each packet of a flow into three views for parallel training, integrating both local and global feature representations across multiple packets to enhance accuracy. We devise a second-order classification probability to quantify the reliability of the classifier's results and to visualize the reliability of open-set flow classification in terms of uncertainty. Additionally, we dynamically fuse classification decisions from multiple views, evaluating decision uncertainty to classify known and unknown flows and ensure robust, reliable results. We compare RoNeTC with four state-of-the-art (SOTA) methods in six open-set scenarios. RoNeTC outperforms the other methods by an average of 25.94% in F1 across all open-set scenarios, indicating its superior performance in open-set network traffic classification.

Keyword:

deep learning Long short term memory Deep learning open-world network traffic classification Reliability Training Cryptography Uncertainty Feature extraction Payloads unknown classes Network security and privacy Fuses Visualization

Author Community:

  • [ 1 ] [Wang, Xueman]Beijing Univ Technol, Coll Comp Sci, Beijing 100124, Peoples R China
  • [ 2 ] [Wang, Yipeng]Beijing Univ Technol, Coll Comp Sci, Beijing 100124, Peoples R China
  • [ 3 ] [Lai, Yingxu]Beijing Univ Technol, Coll Comp Sci, Beijing 100124, Peoples R China
  • [ 4 ] [Hao, Zhiyu]Zhongguancun Lab, Beijing 102629, Peoples R China
  • [ 5 ] [Liu, Alex X.]Midea Grp, Foshan 528311, Peoples R China

Reprint Author's Address:

  • [Wang, Yipeng]Beijing Univ Technol, Coll Comp Sci, Beijing 100124, Peoples R China

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Source :

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION FORENSICS AND SECURITY

ISSN: 1556-6013

Year: 2025

Volume: 20

Page: 2313-2328

6 . 8 0 0

JCR@2022

Cited Count:

WoS CC Cited Count:

SCOPUS Cited Count:

ESI Highly Cited Papers on the List: 0 Unfold All

WanFang Cited Count:

Chinese Cited Count:

30 Days PV: 8

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