A　coupled　system　of　membrane　bioreactor-nitritation　(MBR-nitritation)　and　up-flow　anaerobic　sludge　blanket-anaerobic　ammonium　oxidation　(UASB-ANAMMOX)　was　employed　to　treat　mature　landfill　leachate　containing　high　ammonia　nitrogen　and　low　C/N.　MBR-nitritation　was　successfully　realized　for　undiluted　mature　landfill　leachate　with　initial　concentrations　of　900-1500mg/L　NH4+　-　N　and　2000-4000mg/L　chemical　oxygen　demand.　The　effluent　NO2-　-　N　concentration　and　the　NO2-　-　N　accumulation　efficiency　were　889mg/L　and　97%　at　125d,　respectively.　Half-nitritation　was　quickly　realized　by　adjustment　of　hydraulic　retention　time　and　dissolved　oxygen　(DO),　and　a　low　DO　control　strategy　could　allow　long-term　stable　operation.　The　UASB-ANAMMOX　system　showed　high　effective　nitrogen　removal　at　a　low　concentration　of　mature　landfill　leachate.　The　nitrogen　removal　efficiency　was　inhibited　at　excessive　influent　substrate　concentration　and　the　nitrogen　removal　efficiency　of　the　system　decreased　as　the　concentration　of　mature　landfill　leachate　increased.　The　MBR-nitritation　and　UASB-ANAMMOX　processes　were　coupled　for　mature　landfill　leachate　treatment　and　together　resulted　in　high　effective　nitrogen　removal.　The　effluent　average　total　nitrogen　concentration　and　removal　efficiency　values　were　176mg/L　and　83%,　respectively.　However,　the　average　nitrogen　removal　load　decreased　from　2.16　to　0.77g/(Ld)　at　higher　concentrations　of　mature　landfill　leachate.