Biosensors　have　broad　application　prospects　in　biomedicine,　pharmacy,　chemical　industry　and　environmental　monitoring.　Therefore,　the　research　and　development　of　biosensors　has　become　a　new　hotspot　in　the　development　of　science　and　technology　in　the　world.　A　vertical　cavity　surface　emitting　laser　(VCSEL)　biosensor　chip　integrated　with　gold　nanostructures　is　introduced　in　this　paper.　The　chip　mainly　uses　the　packaging　technology　of　semiconductor　laser　to　realize　the　high　integration　of　light　source,　hexagonal　gold　nanoparticle　array,　and　detection　system.　We　use　anodic　aluminum　oxide　film　(AAO)　as　a　mask　to　prepare　hexagonal　gold　nanoparticle　array,　combined　with　a　microfluidic　chip　to　realize　the　sensing　application　that　can　be　sensitive　to　the　change　of　environmental　solution.　We　modify　the　gold　nanoparticles　on　the　chip　surface　with　specific　antibodies,　and　then　inject　different　concentrations　of　protein　solution　for　detection.　The　output　light　power　changes　with　the　change　of　environmental　solution,　so　as　to　detect　the　concentration　and　type　of　biological　solution.　The　sensor　has　the　advantages　of　low　cost,　high　sensitivity,　and　high　integration.