Physical　and　numerical　studies　were　conducted　to　explore　the　seismic　performance　characteristics　of　multi-story　and　multi-span　prefabricated　subway　station　structures,　and　to　identify　its　weak　parts　and　damage　mode　during　earthquakes.　A　two-story　three-span　prefabricated　subway　station　structure　was　designed　and　fabricated　with　a　scale　ratio　of　1:10　and　was　subjected　to　a　static　pushover　test　that　simulated　the　soil-structure　interaction.　The　test　results　were　interpreted　to　determine　the　horizontal　resistance　-　interstory　displacement　capacity　curve　of　the　station,　and　the　interstory　displacement　ratio　(IDR)　limit　values　under　each　seismic　performance　state.　The　experimental　results　revealed　that　the　upper　layer　of　the　prefabricated　subway　station　structure　was　more　severely　damaged　than　to　the　lower　layer,　and　that　the　column　ends　of　the　upper　layer　were　the　weakest　parts　of　the　structure　in　terms　of　seismic　resistance.　The　splicing　joints　were　generally　reliable,　but　the　side　wall-middle　span　splicing　joint　showed　visible　cracks.　Furthermore,　a　finite　element　model　was　established　based　on　the　physical　test　configuration　and　was　utilized　to　analyze　the　pushover　tests.　The　numerical　results　indicated　that　the　vertical　load　significantly　accelerates　the　prefabricated　subway　station　to　reach　the　peak　point　and　limit　point　of　its　horizontal　bearing　capacity.　The　IDR　value　of　subway　station　seismic　performance　level　4　determined　by　the　bearing　capacity　curve　of　the　column　was　30%　lower　than　the　IDR　value　obtained　by　the　structural　bearing　capacity　curve.　©　2023　Elsevier　Ltd