At　present,　the　step-feed　process　is　a　very　active　branch　in　practical　application　of　mainstream　wastewater　treatment,　and　the　anammox　technology　empowers　the　sustainable　development　and　in-depth　research　of　step-feed　process.　This　review　provides　a　systematically　inspection　of　the　realization　and　application　of　partial　anammox　process　through　step-feed　mode,　with　a　particular　focus　on　controlling　nitrite　supply　for　anammox.　The　characteristics　and　advantages　of　step-feed　mode　in　traditional　management　are　reviewed.　The　unique　organics　utilization　strategy　by　step-feed　and　indispensable　intermittent　aeration　mode　creates　advantages　for　achieving　nitritation　(NH4+　→　NO2−)　and　denitratation　(NO3−　→　NO2−),　providing　flexible　combination　possibility　with　anammox.　Additionally,　the　lab-　or　pilot-scale　control　strategies　with　different　forms　of　anammox,　including　nitritation/anammox,　denitratation/anammox,　and　double-anammox　(combined　nitritation/anammox　and　denitratation/anammox),　are　summarized.　Finally,　future　directions　and　application　perspectives　on　leveraging　the　relationship　between　flocs　and　biofilm,　nitritation　and　denitratation,　and　different　strains　to　maximize　the　anammox　proportion　in　N-removal　are　proposed.　©　2023　Elsevier　B.V.