The　development　of　renewable　energy　has　become　an　important　measure　for　countries　worldwide　to　improve　air　quality,　reduce　greenhouse　gas　emissions,　and　achieve　sustainable　development.　This　trend　may　have　implications　for　green　total　factor　productivity　(GTFP),　which　represents　the　economic　growth　efficiency　in　terms　of　resource　and　energy　use.　However,　the　current　research　on　the　impact　of　renewable　energy　development　(RED)　on　GTFP　based　on　China＇s　provincial　data　is　still　insufficient,　and　it　has　not　yet　integrated　multiple　factors　such　as　economic,　social,　environmental,　and　technological　aspects　to　jointly　analyze　potential　nonlinear　effects.　This　paper　first　calculates　the　GTFP　of　30　provinces　in　China　using　a　global　super-efficiency　slack-based　measure　model.　Then,　a　two-way　fixed　effects　model　and　a　panel　threshold　regression　(PTR)　model　were　used　to　explore　the　linear　and　nonlinear　effects　of　RED　on　GTFP.　The　results　show　that:　First,　RED　has　a　significant　positive　effect　on　GTFP,　which　remains　in　effect　after　a　sequence　of　robustness　tests　including　endogenous　treatment.　For　every　1%　increase　in　RED,　GTFP　increases　by　0.025%-0.039%.　Second,　the　contribution　of　RED　to　GTFP　shows　a　clear　characteristic　of　diminishing　marginal　benefits,　with　the　impact　coefficient　decreasing　from　0.058%　to　0.022%.　Third,　the　higher　the　level　of　economic　activity,　social　conditions,　environmental　protection,　and　technological　advancement,　the　greater　the　favorable　impact　of　RED　on　GTFP.　The　range　of　coefficient　changes　under　the　influence　of　economic-　and　social-level　factors　reaches　0.012%-0.143%,　while　the　range　of　coefficient　changes　at　the　technological　and　environmental　levels　is　only　0.026%-0.057%.　Based　on　the　above　conclusions,　some　policy　implications　related　to　the　development　of　renewable　energy　are　proposed.