When　the　projectile　penetrates　a　hard　target　at　a　high　speed,　the　fuze　system　inside　the　projectile　will　inevitably　withstand　high　impact　load,　and　thus　encapsulating　protection　is　necessary　to　prevent　the　internal　electronic　components　to　fail.　However,　currently　encapsulating　materials　are　usually　homogeneous　and　lack　sufficient　flexibility　to　resist　complex　impact　loads.　Carbon　nanotubes　(CNTs)　reinforced　gradient　materials　exhibit　excellent　toughness　and　buffer　effect　while　it　has　not　been　applied　in　encapsulating　protection　of　fuze　system.　Therefore,　this　article　establishes　a　simplified　projectile　body　system　with　different　CNT　gradient　types　in　the　fuze　encapsulation　and　investigates　the　protective　performance　of　the　gradient　encapsulating　materials　for　printed　circuit　boards　(PCBs)　in　fuze　system　during　impact　process.　Firstly,　homogeneous　CNT　reinforced　epoxy　matrix　composite　materials　with　different　concentrations　are　prepared　and　0.7　wt%　CNT　content　is　found　to　have　highest　quasi-static　strength　and　dynamic　strength.　Next,　a　finite　element　model　for　a　gradient　encapsulating　composite　plate　with　a　PCB　is　established,　and　its　material　model　and　relevant　settings　are　verified　by　drop-weight　impact　experiments.　Finally,　a　simplified　projectile　model　with　gradient　encapsulated　fuze　system　impacting　concrete　panel　is　established　and　the　protective　effects　of　different　axial　and　radial　gradient　types　on　the　internal　circuit　system　of　the　fuze　are　studied.　The　research　results　show　that　the　protective　performance　of　gradient　materials　is　superior　to　that　of　homogeneous　materials.　Specifically,　the　failure　speed　and　overload　acceleration　of　the　PCB　in　axial　gradient　material　“V-L＂　(the　CNT　content　gradually　decreases　from　the　head　to　the　tail　of　the　projectile)　have　increased　from　400　m/s　to　500　m/s　and　42500　g–65000　g　compared　to　homogeneous　materials,　respectively.　The　failure　speed　and　overload　acceleration　of　the　PCB　in　radial　gradient　material　“O–R＂　(the　CNT　content　gradually　increases　from　the　exterior　to　the　interior　of　the　projectile)　have　increased　from　400　m/s　to　460　m/s　and　42500　g–50000　g　compared　to　homogeneous　materials,　respectively.　This　gradient　encapsulating　structure　proposed　in　this　article　serves　for　the　design　of　encapsulating　protection　of　fuze　systems.　©　2024　Elsevier　Masson　SAS