To　improve　the　mechanical　behaviour　of　traditional　reinforcement　concrete　(RC)　column,　a　novel　prefabricated　engineered　cementitious　composite　(ECC)-reinforced　concrete　composite　(ECC　shell-C)　column　was　proposed　in　this　study.　Subsequently,　five　prefabricated　ECC　shell-C　columns,　as　well　as　one　cast-in-place　(CIP)　RC　column　and　one　CIP　pure　ECC　column,　were　designed　and　manufactured.　Then,　axial　compression　tests　were　carried　out　to　explore　their　mechanical　behaviour　with　considering　the　effect　of　the　ECC　shell　thickness　t　and　stirrup　ratio　rho　v.　On　this　basis,　a　numerical　analysis　method　for　the　composite　column　was　developed　and　verified.　And　numerical　parametric　study　was　carried　out　to　clarify　the　influence　of　the　design　parameters　on　the　axial　compression　behaviour　of　the　prefabricated　ECC　shell-RC　columns,　including　the　compressive　strength　of　ECC　(fc,ecc)　and　concrete　(fc),　as　well　as　the　longitudinal　reinforcement　ratio　(rho　s).　The　experimental　and　numerical　results　demonstrated　that　the　ECC　shell　can　improve　cracking　resistance,　ductility　capacity　and　energy　dissipation　capacity　of　the　RC　column.　The　accumulated　energy　dissipation　and　ductility　coefficient　of　the　prefabricated　ECC　shell-RC　columns　with　different　t　was　2.13-2.46　times　and　1.14-1.35　times　greater　than　those　of　the　RC　column,　respectively.　The　rho　v　had　small　influence　on　the　bearing　capacity　of　the　prefabricated　ECC　shell-RC　columns,　which　can　be　appropriately　reduced　in　practical　application.　The　numerical　analysis　method　considering　the　confinement　effect　of　ECC　shell　can　provide　reliable　prediction　for　the　axial　compression　behaviour　of　prefabricated　ECC　shell-RC　columns.　fc,ecc　and　fc　have　the　positive　influence　on　the　bearing　capacity　of　the　prefabricated　ECC　shell-RC　columns　but　have　negative　influence　on　the　ductility;　meanwhile　a　moderately　lower　rho　s　will　not　significantly　reduce　the　ductility.