The　negative　differential　thermal　resistance　(NDTR)　effect　has　received　a　lot　of　attention　for　its　potential　applications　in　thermal　switching　and　thermal　management.　Therefore,　it　is　crucial　to　explore　and　develop　new　ways　to　improve　the　NDTR　performance.　In　this　work,　the　influence　of　the　surfactant　on　NDTR　effect　in　the　solidliquid　system　has　been　investigated　by　using　molecular　dynamics　simulation.　It　is　found　that　the　NDTR　window　and　the　maximum　heat　flux　through　the　system　can　be　extended　significantly　by　using　surfactant.　With　increasing　temperature　differences,　the　surfactant　molecules　are　deported　from　the　high-temperature　interface　and　adsorbed　on　the　low-temperature　interface.　The　wettability　transition　of　the　high-temperature　interface　from　hydrophilic　to　superhydrophobic　is　responsible　for　the　enhanced　NDTR　effect.　In　addition,　the　effect　of　surfactant　concentration　and　solid-surfactant　coupling　strength　on　the　NDTR　effect　is　also　examined.　The　results　show　that　there　is　an　optimal　surfactant　concentration　and　solid-surfactant　coupling　strength　for　an　optimized　NDTR　effect.　The　results　in　this　paper　provide　a　new　idea　for　the　design　of　thermal　thermistor.