Bamboo　is　widely　distributed　around　the　world　as　an　excellent　renewable　resource.　However,　the　structural　and　morphological　changes　in　the　bamboo　samples　in　extracting　bamboo　cellulose　fiber　using　alkaline-acidic　sodium　chlorite　are　unclear,　and　the　potential　for　preparation　of　cellulose　packaging　films　is　yet　to　be　explored.　In　this　paper,　the　changes　in　micro-morphology,　chemical　structure,　and　pyrolytic　behavior　of　moso　bamboo　powder　during　alkaline　and　acidic　sodium　chlorite　pretreatment　were　intensively　investigated.　The　bamboo　cellulose　fiber　(BC)　diameter　decreased　from　14.41　to　11.79　mu　m　with　the　treatment　as　a　result　of　the　removal　of　amorphous　materials　such　as　lignin　and　hemicellulose.　The　BC　was　dissolved　in　NaOH/urea　aqueous　solution,　and　all-cellulose　composite　films　were　obtained　with　excellent　mechanical　properties　and　high　transparency.　When　the　BC　contents　reached　4　wt%,　the　resulting　films　had　a　light　transmittance　of　about　90%　in　the　visible　light　range　(400-780　nm),　and　the　tensile　strength　was　as　high　as　57.9　MPa,　which　was　much　higher　than　that　of　the　polyethylene　packaging　film　(PE,　35　MPa).　In　addition,　the　film　also　suggests　superior　biodegradability　compared　to　PE　films.　Therefore,　the　current　shortage　of　raw　materials　and　environmental　pollution　faced　by　plastic　packaging　materials　may　be　expected　to　gain　new　inspiration　in　this　study.