In　two-dimensional　photonic　crystals,　the　photonic　bandgap　can　modulate　electromagnetic　waves　with　corresponding　wavelengths.　Photonic　crystal　surface-emitting　laser　(PCSEL)　realizes　the　vertical　emission　of　laser　beam　through　the　in-plane　resonance　and　optical　feedback,　and　significantly　overcomes　typical　problems　of　the　traditional　semiconductor　laser,　such　as　large　divergence　angle,　elliptical　beam　and　susceptibility　to　higher-order　modes.　Therefore,　by　designing　the　lattice　structure　and　materials　of　photonic　crystal　appropriately,　the　photonic　bandgap　in　different　polarization　states　can　be　regulated　to　produce　high　performance　laser　beams.　Therefore,　to　obtain　a　deeper　understanding　of　the　impact　of　photonic　crystal　structure　on　the　output　properties,　we　demonstrate　that　by　simulating　the　energy　band　structure　near　the　Γ2　point,　mode　B　has　a　wavelength　closer　to　the　emission　wavelength.　Subsequently,　we　analyze　the　influence　of　lattice　structure,　number　of　air　holes　and　symmetry　degree　on　the　photon　energy　band　distribution　of　TE　mode.　At　last,　two　types　of　lattice　structures　with　different　symmetry　degrees,　i.e.,　rhombic　lattice　and　bullet-like　lattice,　respectively,　were　prepared　using　electron　beam　lithography.　The　full　widths　at　half　maximum　(FWHMs)　of　photoluminescence　spectra　of　these　two　photonic　crystals　were　detected　to　be　73　nm　and　53　nm,　respectively,　which　verified　that　the　reducing　lattice　symmetry　is　beneficial　for　decreasing　the　FWHM.　In　addition,　the　symmetry　reduction　is　favorable　to　eliminate　the　photon　energy　band　degeneracy,　leading　to　a　blueshift　in　wavelength.　Our　research　provides　theoretical　design　insights　for　achieving　high-performance　PCSEL　lasers.　©　2024　SPIE.