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Author:

Li, Yu (Li, Yu.) | Yuan, Zifeng (Yuan, Zifeng.) | Mazhar, Sarah (Mazhar, Sarah.) | Meng, Zhiguo (Meng, Zhiguo.) | Zhang, Yuanzhi (Zhang, Yuanzhi.) | Ping, Jinsong (Ping, Jinsong.) | Nunziata, Ferdinando (Nunziata, Ferdinando.)

Indexed by:

EI Scopus SCIE

Abstract:

Research on lunar oxides abundance has been spotlighted for its great significance in reconstructing the evolutionary history of the moon. In recent years, artificial intelligence technologies have been introduced to map oxides abundance on the lunar surface for their reliability and robustness. However, there are still some shortcomings in existing studies. First, the majority of these studies rely on spectral data and used in situ (drilled) ground truth samples collected by satellite missions. The detection depth of spectral sensors and the drilled depths of the returned samples are not consistent, lowering the reliability of the results. Moreover, existing machine/deep learning models may not be suitable for processing the data acquired in lunar exploration. In this article, we propose a novel deep learning model named multifrequency brightness temperature feature fusion network (MFBTFF-Net) for processing Chang'e-2 lunar microwave sounder (CELMS) data and it exploits the thermal radiation features related to various drilling depths to acquire the global lunar oxide abundance maps. The experimental results demonstrated that the proposed MFBTFF-Net model can significantly improve the estimation precision of most lunar oxides. The proposed method achieved root-mean-square error indices of 1.4449, 1.4826, and 0.9824 (wt.%) on estimating Al2O3, FeO, and TiO2, which outperformed the state-of-the-art models by at least 0.0674, 0.6217, and 0.0578, respectively. Furthermore, based on the proposed model, we generated a new set of lunar oxide abundance maps. Compared with the abundance maps derived from spectral data, some discoveries can be obtained due to the unique penetration depth-related information provided by Chang'e-2 CELMS data. This study demonstrates the large potential of Chang'e-2 CELMS as a powerful new tool to understand the vertical structures of the moon under the regolith.

Keyword:

deep neural network (NN) Artificial intelligence Orbits Chang'e-2 lunar microwave sounder (CELMS) Brightness temperature Deep learning Minerals Reflectivity Moon Frequency measurement Extraterrestrial measurements Data models Geologic measurements lunar oxides abundance

Author Community:

  • [ 1 ] [Li, Yu]Beijing Univ Technol, Sch Informat Sci & Technol, Beijing 100124, Peoples R China
  • [ 2 ] [Yuan, Zifeng]Beijing Univ Technol, Sch Informat Sci & Technol, Beijing 100124, Peoples R China
  • [ 3 ] [Mazhar, Sarah]Beijing Univ Technol, Sch Informat Sci & Technol, Beijing 100124, Peoples R China
  • [ 4 ] [Yuan, Zifeng]Beijing Inst Technol, Sch Informat & Elect, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China
  • [ 5 ] [Mazhar, Sarah]Natl Univ Modern Languages, Fac Engn & Comp, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
  • [ 6 ] [Meng, Zhiguo]Jilin Univ, Coll Geoexplorat Sci & Technol, Changchun 130026, Peoples R China
  • [ 7 ] [Zhang, Yuanzhi]Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Lunar & Deep Space Explorat, Natl Astron Observ, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China
  • [ 8 ] [Zhang, Yuanzhi]Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Sch Astron & Space Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China
  • [ 9 ] [Nunziata, Ferdinando]Sapienza Univ Roma, Dipartimento Ingn Informaz Elettron & Telecomunica, I-00184 Rome, Italy

Reprint Author's Address:

  • [Meng, Zhiguo]Jilin Univ, Coll Geoexplorat Sci & Technol, Changchun 130026, Peoples R China

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Source :

IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATIONS AND REMOTE SENSING

ISSN: 1939-1404

Year: 2025

Volume: 18

Page: 3921-3942

5 . 5 0 0

JCR@2022

Cited Count:

WoS CC Cited Count:

SCOPUS Cited Count:

ESI Highly Cited Papers on the List: 0 Unfold All

WanFang Cited Count:

Chinese Cited Count:

30 Days PV: 10

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