Aiming　at　the　shortcomings　of　the　damping　performance　of　the　traditional　tuned　liquid　damper　(TLD),　a　damping　technology　scheme　that　organically　combines　the　TLD　with　the　active　control　device　is　proposed　to　form　an　active　tuned　liquid　damper　(ATLD)　based　on　the　sliding　mode　control　algorithm.　Based　on　the　intensive　analysis　of　ATLD　damping　characteristics,　the　ATLD-single　degree　of　freedom　structural　mechanics　model　is　established　according　to　the　composite　damping　of　the　structure　by　the　active　control　force　and　the　passive　control　force　of　TLD.　To　verify　the　accuracy　of　the　theoretical　mechanical　model　of　ATLD　and　to　investigate　the　effects　of　structural　period　and　seismic　site　category　on　the　real　damping　performance　of　ATLD,　three　different　period　single-degree-of-freedom　steel　framework　test　models　are　adopted　to　complete　the　seismic　simulation　shaking　table　tests.　The　sliding-mode　control　algorithm　with　a　steep　saturation　function　is　proposed　to　eliminate　the　structural　jitter　effect.　The　dynamic　test　and　theoretical　results　show　that　the　numerical　calculation　results　and　the　test　results　have　good　agreement　in　terms　of　the　peak　displacement　and　the　root　mean　square.　The　introduction　of　an　active　control　device　into　TLD　can　significantly　improve　the　seismic　performance　of　traditional　TLD.　ATLD　can　produce　an　excellent　seismic　control　effect　on　the　controlled　structure　under　all　kinds　of　site　conditions,　and　the　damping　effect　is　better　with　the　increase　of　the　site　category.　ATLD　is　more　suitable　for　medium　and　high-rise　buildings,　and　it　has　a　good　prospect　for　engineering　applications.　©　2025　Elsevier　Ltd