To　study　the　seismic　performance　of　ancient　timber　structures　with　attached　windows　and　masonry　walls,　a　low-cycle　reciprocating　load　test　was　conducted　on　a　1:2　scaled　model　of　the　Kanchuang　frame.　The　frame＇s　failure　modes,　hysteretic　behavior,　skeleton　curves,　stiffness　degradation,　and　energy　dissipation　capacity　of　the　frame　were　obtained.　Test　results　showed　that　the　masonry　wall　of　the　structure　was　the　first　to　crack　and　fail.　The　tenons　of　the　wood　window　pulled　out　of　the　mortises　gradually　while　the　loading　displacement　increased.　In　addition,　finite　element　models　of　the　Chinese　traditional　Kanchuang　frame　were　established　and　analyzed.　The　test　results　were　basically　consistent　with　the　finite　element　analysis　results.　Based　on　the　finite　element　models,　the　influences　of　impact　parameters　including　friction　coefficient,　elastic　modulus,　compressive　strength　in　parallel-to-grain　directions,　and　vertical　loads　on　the　seismic　performance　of　the　Kanchuang　frame　were　analyzed.　The　results　showed　that　the　ultimate　load-bearing　capacity,　initial　stiffness,　and　energy　dissipation　capacity　of　the　Kanchuang　frame　are　increased　with　the　increase　of　friction　coefficient,　compress　strength,　and　the　elastic　modulus.　The　influence　of　elastic　modulus　in　perpendicular-to-grain　directions　was　minor.　The　initial　stiffness　and　energy　dissipation　capacity　of　the　structure　increased　while　the　vertical　loads　increased.　However,　the　ultimate　peak　loads　and　stiffness　decreased　with　the　increase　of　the　vertical　loads.