Sphere-like　and　rod-like　Eu2O3　and　Sm2O3　polycrystalline　nanoparticles　were　fabricated　by　using　a　surfactant-and　ultrasonic-assisted　precipitation　strategy.　The　physical　properties　of　these　nanomaterials　were　characterized　by　means　of　transmission　electron　microscopic　(TEM),　selected　area　electron　diffraction　(SAED),　X-ray　diffraction　(XRD),　nitrogen　adsorption-desorption,　and　ultraviolet-visible　diffuse　reflection　spectroscopic　(UV-Vis　DRS)　techniques.　It　is　shown　that　the　sphere-like　body-centered　cubic　Eu2O3　and　monoclinic　Sm2O3　nanoparticles　obtained　with　sodium　dodecylsulfate　as　surfactant　and　the　rod-like　orthorhombic　Eu2O3　and　body-centered　cubic　Sm2O3　nanoparticles　fabricated　with　polyvinylpyrrolidone　as　surfactant　possessed　a　BET　surface　area　of　44~49　and　34~37m2/g,　respectively.　In　addition　to　a　stronger　absorption　of　UV　light　(λ2O3　and　Sm2O3　samples　exhibited　different　absorption　of　visible　light　(390nm