Background　and　objectives:　Currently,　enhanced　external　counterpulsation　(EECP)　devices　mainly　produce　one　counterpulsation　per　cardiac　cycle.　However,　the　effect　of　other　frequencies　of　EECP　on　the　hemodynamics　of　coronary　and　cerebral　arteries　is　still　unclear.　It　should　be　investigated　whether　one　counterpulsation　per　cardiac　cycle　leads　to　the　optimal　therapeutic　effect　in　patients　with　different　clinical　indications.　Therefore,　we　measured　the　effects　of　different　frequencies　of　EECP　on　the　hemodynamics　of　coronary　and　cerebral　arteries　to　determine　the　optimal　counterpulsation　frequency　for　the　treatment　of　coronary　heart　disease　and　cerebral　ischemic　stroke.　Methods:　We　established　0D/3D　geometric　multi-scale　hemodynamics　model　of　coronary　and　cerebral　arteries　in　two　healthy　individuals,　and　performed　clinical　trials　of　EECP　to　verify　the　accuracy　of　the　multiscale　hemodynamics　model.　The　pressure　amplitude　(35　kPa)　and　pressurization　duration　(0.6　s)　were　fixed.　The　global　and　local　hemodynamics　of　coronary　and　cerebral　arteries　were　studied　by　changing　counterpulsation　frequency.　Three　frequency　modes,　including　one　counterpulsation　in　one,　two　and　three　cardiac　cycles,　were　applied.　Global　hemodynamic　indicators　included　diastolic　/　systolic　blood　pressure　(D/S),　mean　arterial　pressure　(MAP),　coronary　artery　flow　(CAF),　and　cerebral　blood　flow　(CBF),　whereas　local　hemodynamic　effects　included　area-time-averaged　wall　shear　stress　(ATAWSS)　and　oscillatory　shear　index　(OSI).　The　optimal　counterpulsation　frequency　was　verified　by　analyzing　the　hemodynamic　effects　of　different　frequency　modes　of　counterpulsation　cycles　and　full　cycles.　Results:　In　the　full　cycle,　CAF,　CBF　and　ATAWSS　of　coronary　and　cerebral　arteries　were　the　highest　when　one　counterpulsation　per　cardiac　cycle　was　applied.　However,　in　the　counterpulsation　cycle,　the　global　and　local　hemodynamic　indicators　of　coronary　and　cerebral　artery　reached　the　highest　when　one　counterpulsation　in　one　cardiac　cycle　or　two　cardiac　cycles　was　applied.Conclusions:　For　clinical　application,　the　results　of　global　hemodynamic　indicators　in　the　full　cycle　have　more　clinical　practical　significance.　Combined　with　the　comprehensive　analysis　of　local　hemodynamic　indicators,　it　can　be　concluded　that　for　coronary　heart　disease　and　cerebral　ischemic　stroke,　applying　one　counterpulsation　per　cardiac　cycle　may　provide　the　optimal　benefit.&　COPY;　2023　Elsevier　B.V.　All　rights　reserved.