With　the　increasingly　severe　challenges　of　the　thermal　management　of　battery　packs　for　electric　vehicles,　the　liquid　immersion　cooling　technology　has　gradually　attracted　more　attention　due　to　its　superior　characteristics　such　as　high　heat　dissipation　efficiency,　well　temperature　uniformity　and　low　risk　of　thermal　runaway.　To　investigate　the　heat　transfer　characteristics　of　the　liquid　immersion　cooling　BTMSs,　the　3D　model　of　the　60-cell　immersion　cooling　battery　pack　was　established,　and　a　well-established　heat　generation　model　that　leveraged　parameters　derived　from　theoretical　analysis　and　experiments　was　incorporated　into　the　3D　simulation　to　analyze　the　thermal　characteristics　of　battery　pack.　The　simulation　results　showed　that　under　the　discharging　rate　of　2C,　even　with　the　lowest　coolant　flow　rate　in　this　work　(0.2　L/min),　no　localized　abnormal　overheating　within　the　battery　pack　was　observed,　and　the　highest　temperature　was　34.22　°C.　The　temperature　uniformity　within　the　battery　pack　improved　with　the　increase　of　the　coolant　flow　rate.　It　was　recommended　to　maintain　a　flow　rate　above　0.5　L/min　to　ensure　a　temperature　difference　below　5　°C.　The　experimental　apparatus　of　the　immersion　cooling　battery　pack　was　also　developed　to　explore　the　heat　dissipation　and　temperature　uniformity　at　2C　discharge　rate.　The　simulation　results　were　in　well　agreement　with　the　experimental　results,　with　the　deviation　less　than　0.43　°C　when　the　flow　rate　exceeded　0.6　L/min.　The　effect　of　the　localized　high-rate　discharge　events　(4.5C　and　6.5C)　at　different　battery　pack　locations　on　temperature　distribution　and　uniformity　was　further　discussed　based　on　the　verified　3D　model.　The　results　suggested　that　liquid　immersion　cooling　systems　offered　promising　potential　for　achieving　both　efficient　heat　dissipation　and　preventing　thermal　runaway　in　battery　packs.　©　2024　Elsevier　Ltd