Neuromorphic　computing　can　simulate　brain　function　and　is　a　pivotal　element　in　next-generation　computing,　providing　a　potential　solution　to　the　limitations　brought　by　the　von　Neumann　bottleneck.　Optoelectronic　synaptic　devices　are　highly　promising　tools　for　simulating　biomimetic　nervous　systems.　In　this　study,　we　developed　an　optoelectronic　neuromorphic　device　with　a　transistor　structure　constructed　using　ferroelectric　CuInP2S6.　Essential　synaptic　behaviors　in　this　device　are　observed　in　response　to　light　and　electrical　stimuli.　The　optoferroelectric　coupling　is　revealed,　and　the　highly　tunable　gate　modulation　of　the　charge　carrier　is　realized　in　a　single　device.　On　this　basis,　the　light　adaptation　of　the　biological　eyes　and　smarter　Pavlovian　dogs　was　implemented　successfully　and　enhanced　by　ferroelectric　polarization.　The　gate　voltage　application　promotes　the　migration　of　additional　Cu+　ions　in　the　in-plane　direction,　thus　enhancing　the　synaptic　performance　of　electrical　stimulation.　Meanwhile,　the　processing　ability　of　convolutional　kernel　noise　images　in　ferroelectric　devices　has　been　achieved.　Our　results　offer　the　important　observation　and　application　of　ferroelectric　polarization-enhanced　synaptic　properties　of　a　transistor　structure　and　have　great　potential　in　promoting　the　development　of　two-dimensional　van　der　Waals　materials　and　devices.