The　surface　texture　technology　has　been　applied　to　ball　screws.　However,　the　rough　grinding　surface　of　ball　screws　is　not　considered,　and　the　elastohydrodynamic　lubrication　(EHL)　characteristics　and　anti-friction　and　anti-wear　mechanisms　are　not　comprehensive　and　in-depth.　Theoretical　simulation　and　experimental　measurement　of　the　ground　surface　topography　of　the　screw　raceways　are　conducted　to　take　into　account　the　impact　of　the　grinding　surface　on　the　EHL　interaction　between　the　ball　and　the　raceway.　The　EHL　model　and　friction　torque　model　of　ball　screws　have　been　established　simultaneously,　considering　the　ground　surface　topography　of　the　raceway　and　the　geometric　features　of　the　textures　manufactured　on　the　raceway　surface.　The　friction　reduction　mechanism　of　the　textured　raceway　of　ball　screws　is　elucidated　in　detail　from　the　microscopic　point　of　view,　and　the　influence　of　the　geometric　features　of　the　textures　on　the　anti-friction　characteristics　of　ball　screws　under　different　axial　loads　and　rotation　speeds　is　further　analyzed　and　discussed.　The　proof-of-principle　experiments　of　the　friction-reducing　performances　of　the　textured　raceways　of　the　ball　screws　are　conducted.　The　textured　raceway　of　the　ball　screws　provides　an　effective　anti-friction　effect　that　reduces　the　friction　coefficient　of　the　contact　system　of　the　ball　screws　by　15.2%　at　a　normal　contact　force　of　60.23　N,　an　entrainment　speed　of　167.5　m/s,　a　texture　diameter　of　40　mu　m,　a　texture　depth　of　10　mu　m　and　a　texture　areal　density　of　10%.